Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (9)

Dear Elizabeth Moore,Bob Hudson and all Nakhon Pathom is not Chinese, not Tai or Thai and not Southern Indian. It was Negara Pathian or Persian i.e. Pahtan also called Petani. It was the Persians who settle in Sri lanka and later move up and into Peninsula Malaysia and main land southeast Asia . They were not Cina (Chinese) but of the Saka, the parent stock.Abhira's in ancient Burma and Ahir's in modern India are also of Saka. Also see the site below https://www.penang-traveltips.com/thailand/nakhon-pathom-province.htm 28 days Adam Khan Dear Bob Hudson, cc: to all parties concerned Thanks for your contribution in our ancient Rakhine History. Ancient geography and recent archaeology: Dhanyawadi, Vesali and Mrauk-u. Bob Hudson Archaeology Department, University of Sydney, Australia. “The Forgotten Kingdom of Arakan” History Workshop. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, November 2005. Kindly look into the links among Licchavi, Burman's of Tagaung (to me old Pugam; the people of Kan-Raja-Nge) and Rakhine ( the people of Kan-Raja-Gri or Gyi) . Licchavi (tribe) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licchavi_(tribe) Kindly inform your contemporary M/s Gutman, Nyein Lwin, Aung Myint, Thin Kyi, Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore and all that the people of Burma (Burma proper and Frontier regions such as Chin, Kachi, Shan and Kayash or Karreni states of British colonial period ) were/are nothing to do with Yunnan, Kansu or Gansu and any parts of modern Communist China, PRC. Kindly explore more in Licchavi (tribe) so that all of you will realize the old Burmese Chronicles and those who written these were/are wiser than all of you. Best regards. Adam Khan (aka) Raja Saraka 24 days Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moe, FYI Dear Ma Moe, FYI Dear Jon Fernquest, You are admitting that U Kala makes all the Western Researchers busy. Quote {U Kala's Mahayazawingyi (U Kala, 1961, 2006) is arguably the most important premodern Burmese chronicle and formed the basis for later chronicles such as the famous Glass Palace chronicle (Pe Maung Tin & Luce, 1923). The historian of premodern Burmese history Victor B. Lieberman uses U Kala's chronicle as the basis for much of his master work Burmese Administrative Cycles (Lieberman, 1984) and has argued for the veracity and central nature of this chronicle (Lieberman, 1986). U Kala's chronicle can be divided into six periods: 1. Rajaniti or short aphoristic sayings about how the ancient institution of Kingship worked (Bechert, 1981), 2. the lineage of Indian kings from an original primordial cycle of world creation and destruction through the life of the Buddha to the great king Asoka, 3. the Pagan period (Pe Maung Tin & Luce, 1923; Frasch, 1996; Aung-Thwin, 1979), 4. Ava period (Fernquest, 2005b 2005c, 2006a, 2006b, 2007, 2016), 5. Toungoo dynasty, and 6. Restored Toungoo dynasty (Lieberman, 1984). Jon Fernquest (PhD Thesis Proposal)} Unquote It is strange and I am wondering why the western scholars are leaning the Chinese (especially white Chinese = KMT Chinese who run away because of Mao's Communists are stronger than them) and writing Siam and Burma were founded and populated by Han Chinese). Obviously the Western Scholars are bias in writing and hitting the Indian Style Burmese Kings. I am doubting that Hte-rava-din Buddhism (ထေရ ဝါ ဒ ဗုဒ္ဓ ဘာ သာ ) is created by not the Asian Monks but the European Politicians to manipulate and divide among Buddhism Countries. They are cunning. There are no good reason and no good intention for the Western Scholars study Asian History but to interfere in the Countries' Politics, geopolitics and intentionally damaging racial harmony. The Burmese Civil Wars are the results of European Interference. So does Siam's Muslim conflicts in the South. STOP INTERFERING. YOU EARN YOUR LIVING BY WRITING OUR HISTORY AS YOU THINK FIT. Regards. Adam Khan (aka) Raja Saraka 23 days Adam Khan FYI Dear Jon Fernquest, I met Nyi Nyi Kyaw who claims to be Rohingya. It is his personal but international fabrication of the term "Rohigya". Beside his report below is Bull Shit. Han Chinese and Tai Chinese are not pauk-phaw ( ေ◌ပါက္ေ◌ဖာ◌္) or “siblings from the same mother” but rather occasional and historical enemies because the Tai and Han Chinese invaded Burma and the latter's decisive defense devastated much larger aggressive expansionist and marked a denting impression on the communist ultra rich ideology as Powerful and Supremacy. Rather PRC changed its approach like what Nyi Nyi Kyaw menions. However we Bufrman's never consider them as relative but a threat in Northeast. Quote { Myanmar and China are, in Chinese President Xi Jinping’s own words, pauk-phaw ( ေ◌ပါက္ေ◌ဖာ◌္) or “siblings from the same mother” that share “fraternal sentiments” and “close ties” that “date back to ancient times.” 1 Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, describes the pauk-phaw relationship as “a deep foundation for the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership”2 between the two nations.} Unquote https://www.iseas.edu.sg/images/pdf/ISEAS_Perspective_2020_9.pdf 23 days Adam Khan FYI Dear Jon Fernquest, I am a Muslim but ‌very concern the extreme acts of Wang Pao in Letpadaung Taung, hiiting Burmese Buddhist Monks with the White Phosphorus Bomb (မီးစုံး ဗုံး) . It shows very clearly that majority of current Burmese Military high ranking officials like Mya Tun Oo, Soe Htut, Tun Tun Nyi, Tun Tun Naung, BG's Maung Maung and Zaw Min Tun ( ဇော် မဲ လုံး ) are Chinese not Burman or not from ethnic races of Union of Burma. Why military coup took place in the this democratic era of NLD led leadership renewal? It is very obvious that White Chinese led USDP (namely Than Htay and Khin Yi are white Chinese, not Burmese ). The Tai or KMT had many attempts in collaboration with governments of USA and UK to take over Burma as they looted Siam and Changed the its name to "Thailand". 23 days Adam Khan Communist China never behave like a good neighbour. 2 days Adam Khan Dear John Miksic , Bob Hudson and Elizabeth Moore, Chinese coins of 10th and 11th century Song Dynasty ( Nothern Song) found in Englind, So Chinese were living in England and came claim ownership of the land partially. Refer the following. Quote {As Mark Bridge writes for the Sunday Times, the Northern Song Dynasty coin was discovered with a metal detector in a field in Hampshire, England. Dated to between 1008 and 1016 A.D., the 0.98-inch copper-alloy coin was the second medieval Chinese coin found in England; the first was found across the country in 2018 in Cheshire, per the Independent’s Jon Sharman. Other Chinese currency excavated in England dates to later periods }Unquote https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/medieval-chinese-coin-found-england-suggests-vast-medieval-trade-route-180976675/ If this is not the case do not propose and promote Chinese co-ownership of Singapura which not Chinese, not Arabians, not Malays but Indian Land (the land belongs to our ancestors). Also refer John Crawfurd's notes. Quote { Journal of an embassy from the governor-general of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin China; exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms Item Preview 72 EMBASSY TO SIAM the north declivity of the hill, nearly of the same size, is said to have been the burying-place of Iskandar Shah, King of Singapore. This is the prince whom tradition describes as having been driven from his throne by the Javanese, in the year 1252 of the Christian era, and who died at Malacca, not converted to the Mohammedan religion, in IS?^ ; so that the story is probably apocryphal. Over the supposed tomb of Iskandar, a rude structure has been raised, since the formation of the new settlement, to which Mohammedans, Hindus, and Chinese, equally resort to do homage. It is remarkable, that many of the fruit-trees cultivated by the ancient inhabitants of Singapore are still existing, on the east- em side of the hill, after a supposed lapse of near six hundred years. Here we find the durian, the rambutan, the duku, the shaddock, and other fruit-trees of great size ; and all so degenerated, except the two first, that the fruit is scarcely to be recognized. Among the ruins are found various descriptions of pottery, some of which is Chinese, and some native. Fragments of this are in great abundance. In the same situation have been found Chinese brass coins of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The earliest is of the Emperor of Ching chung, of the dynasty of Sung- chao, who died in the year 967. Another is of the reign of Jin-chung, of the same dynasty^ }Unquote Thank you. Best regards. adam khan 1 day Adam Khan To, John Miksic , CC: Bob Hudson and Elizabeth Moore, Dear John, You should be familiar with the terms such as navy, naval, nava ( နာ ဝါ ) which are related to ships and shipping, ship building and etc. History of the Indian Navy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_Navy I have posted since last five years back on my blog. Quote {အာရိသသွ်တၱရ တြင္လာရိွသည္မွာ၊ ေမာရိယတိုင္းျပည္ႀကီးတြင္ နာဝါဒီယတ္စရွာ (ဆာ) {=Nawadhyaksha} ကို ေရေႀကာင္းညႊန္ႀကားမႈဦးစီးဌာန (Shipping department) ကို ဦးစီးရန္တာဝန္အပ္ႏွင္းခဲ့၏။ သေဘၤာသားမ်ားကို၊ ေရေႀကာင္းသိပ္ပံ ပညာရပ္မ်ား ႏွင့္ သင့္ေလွ်ာ္ေသာ သင္တန္းမ်ား ေပးရန္ ျပင္ဆင္မႈမ်ား ကို ဤ ဌာနက ျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့၏။ ထိုပညာရပ္မ်ား၊ ကို “ နိယာမ က ရီွးလ္ပါ= Niyamakashilpa” ဟုေခၚခဲ့ႀက၏။ အဂၤလိပ္ေဝါဟာရ ship=သေဘၤာ မွာ ဤ ပါဠိေဝါဟာရ shilpa မွ ဘာသာစကားေရႊ ့ေလ်ာလာမႈ (transliteration) ျဖစ္ခဲ့သည္ဟု ယူဆနိုင္ေပသည္} Unquote In Burmese Union ( ပြည် ထောင်စု ) Font as follow. အာရိသသျှတ္တရ တွင်လာရှိသည်မှာ၊ မောရိယတိုင်းပြည်ကြီးတွင် နာဝါဒီယတ်စရှာ (ဆာ) {=Nawadhyaksha} ကို ရေကြောင်းညွှန်ကြားမှုဦးစီးဌာန (Shipping department) ကို ဦးစီးရန်တာဝန်အပ်နှင်းခဲ့၏။ သင်္ဘောသားများကို၊ ရေကြောင်းသိပ်ပံ ပညာရပ်များ နှင့် သင့်လျှော်သော သင်တန်းများ ပေးရန် ပြင်ဆင်မှုများ ကို ဤ ဌာနက ပြုလုပ်ခဲ့၏။ ထိုပညာရပ်များ၊ ကို “ နိယာမ က ရှီးလ်ပါ= Niyamakashilpa” ဟုခေါ်ခဲ့ကြ၏။ အင်္ဂလိပ်ဝေါဟာရ ship=သင်္ဘော မှာ ဤ ပါဠိဝေါဟာရ shilpa မှ ဘာသာစကားရွှေ့လျောလာမှု (transliteration) ဖြစ်ခဲ့သည်ဟု ယူဆနိုင်ပေသည်။ http://wunzinminraja.blogspot.com/2014/10/champa-nagar-champa.html Thus far during Song Dynasty in 10th to 11th Century, the Chinese were still unable to sail at open sea and oceans. The Indians reach China by Naval Ship and Merchant Navy in this era. The English and westerners borrow our Indian word, Cina ( Qina ) and call these people "Chinese" We, Indians , are leaders in almost every field and you, westerners, are followers. So Singapura was/ is an Indian City and Parameswaran was an Indian not Malay, not Arabian, not Persian. Thank you. Best regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (8)

Maharashtra Ahirs live in the Khandesh region of Maharashtra. The community has been influential in the history of the region. Inscriptions indicate that ancient Abhiras ruled this region and Abhira kings have made a significant contribution to the making of the region. Ahir ethnicity is visible among various castes in Khandesh, including Maratha and Brahmins.[better source needed] Ahirani dialect continues to be spoken today in the region and is widespread across Jalgaon, Dhule and Nashik. It is an admixture of Marathi, Gujarati, Hindi, ancient Magadhi, Saurashtri, Sauraseni, Lati, Maharashtri, Prakrit and Paishachi.[52][53] {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahir} Oct 3 Adam Khan FYI Dear Bob Hudson, Remember our personal communications, once you informed me about DNA test which I rejected due to misleading selection of smaller sample size where mostly Chinese, Han or else still Chinese. Now I must stress that the Chinese pays/paid researchers for the writings in favour for them, Han and Tai (to me Tai is mere fabrication). Refer the following. Quote {The genetic picture also shows a certain sexual dimorphism in linguistic prehistory. In Baltistan, located in what today is northern Pakistan, the local Tibetan dialects are the most conservative of all Tibetan languages, preserving consonant clusters retained in Classical Tibetan orthography but wholly lost in most other Tibetan dialects. Yet the Balti abandoned the Tibetan script after they were converted to Islam in the fifteenth century, although native activists have in recent years begun reintroducing the Tibetan script, e.g. on shop signs, to the displeasure of central government authorities. Paradoxically, the old consonant clusters ceased to be pronounced as such in most areas throughout Tibet where the conservative indigenous orthography representing these phonological segments remained in use. Genetic studies of the Balti populations show intrusive Y haplogroups from the Near East, whereas the mitochondrial DNA of the Baltis is predominantly Tibetan mtDNA (Poloni et al. 1997, 2000, Zerjal et al. 1997, Quintana-Murci et al. 2001, Qamar et al. 2002). So, the religion of the Balti appears to be a paternal heritage, whilst the languages that they speak are literally mother tongues. } Unquote from George VAN DRIEM's file:///D:/ADAMK/My%20PC%20(DESKTOP-CKJN10J)/Downloads/2007MKS.pdf I will reject all hypotheses and writings which promote the Han or Tai in the history ancient Burma. I al consider those historians and author who write in favour of Han Chinese are biased and unprofessional and unethical . Oct 3 Adam Khan FYI https://wunzinminraja.blogspot.com/2014/02/thu-wunna-bhumi-thatonsathorn-in-siam.html Oct 3 Adam Khan Dear All, I strongly believe that the Corona virus Sars and Covid-19 in the area along the border line of modern Burma and modern Yunnan since the time immemorial. ak Oct 3 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Bob Hudson, John Miksic, Moe Thuzar, ISEAS, AU, Ski Wijaya and All Kindly stop writing fictions. You people wrote and keep writing that the Pre-Bagan Burman's came from modern China and Pinle was Maingmaw. Please withdraw what you have written earlier and revise and resubmit all corrected copies of your works. Kyaw Myo Win or Khaw Myo Win? Is he Burmese or Chinese? We are very unhappy with what G H Luce , Pe Maung Tin, Col Ba Shin and all Chinese wrote about Burma's history Watch the news. Listen to Bo Naga who is asking you to condemn those responsible for arbitrary killings, rapes, burning villages, towns and air raiding. Are you happy with Min Aung Hlaing, USDP ( Mainlyh Chinese at top leadership), UWSA, MNDAA , TNLA and of course PRC Communists? https://www.facebook.com/DVBTVNews/videos/418784153725788/ Oct 4 Adam Khan Dear Bob Hudson, {CC: to all concern parties). I regret to use BS that the following is really bull shit, Bob. Quote {The establishment of central places at Maingmaw, Beikthano, Waddi, Halin and Sriksetra beyond the geographical edge of the old system and within an expanding framework of Indic architecture and Brahmanical kingship can be seen as a means for new societal managers to attract and retain followers. A mechanism for this may have been an adaptation of founder’s cults (Lehman 2003; O'Connor 2003) that had existed in the Samon homeland, as witness the differential burials there. The archaeological evidence at Beikthano points to a number of pre-Buddhist shrines in which the Indic traditions of cremation and urn burial were beginning to replace inhumation, at least for those who merited burial within the ancestor shrines (Stargardt 1994). The leaders of the new settlements adopted Indic auspicious symbols which were circulated on stamped coins (Gutman 1978; Robinson & Shaw 1980; Mitchiner 1982; Mahlo 1998; Win Maung 2002). The combinations of these symbols on coins may have served to differentiate individuals or polities or both. Given the earlier presence of Chinese cultural influences, as shown by the trade in bronze artifacts and the adoption of the Qin tally tiger form for carnelian pendants, the choice of Indian, rather than Chinese, modes of social management looks much more like the deliberate selection of something new and useful than the acceptance of something imposed from outside. This fits the model of active rather than passive “Indianisation”. As far as can be seen so far, the carnelian tigers fell into disuse as the early urban system developed. Very few tiger beads seem to have been found at Pyu sites. There have been two reported at Halin, but as discussed above, prePyu Halin was probably part of the Samon economic system. If the Pyu system represented a society that was “under new management”, and the tigers were marks of status in the old system, then it might be expected that most tigers should be found in Late Prehistoric contexts in the Samon Valley apart from a few that were traded elsewhere.} Unquote You report is mere fabrication based on fabrication of Luce, Pe Maung Ti and Yi Sein, all the Chinese. Bob, please stop all these baseless fabrications which cause genocides in Burma . The Western Historians and Chinese Historians cause the major genocides in Burma. The arbitrary killings are still going on due to these fabrications. Stop it altogether, Bob. Thanks and regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (7)

Dear Elizabeth Moore, The following is the rudeness of the person(s) who posted on Britanica. Quote {{{{ In 1044 Anawrahta came to the throne at Pagan and began the unification process in Myanmar that would recur in cyclic fashion until the British conquered the country in 1886. Anawrahta first strengthened his defenses on the north—the “front door” of Myanmar—and created alliances through marriage with the neighbouring Shan to the east. He then harnessed the economic resources of northern Myanmar by repairing old irrigation works and building new ones. Finally, he declared himself the champion of Theravada Buddhism and used that ideology to justify his conquest of southern Myanmar, which was accomplished with the defeat of the Mon city of Thaton in 1057. https://www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar/The-unification-of-Myanmar#ref52599 }}}} Unquote. This website is misleading all the scholars and students globally. Trust that you will look into it. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan (aka) Raja Saraka Jan 2 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth and Bob Hudson, Why the British and French and all European imperialist hides the reality and push the fabrication forward. Refer the following. Wrong at Britanica , Quote {{{{Nakhon Si Thammarat, town, southern Thailand, on the eastern side of the Malay Peninsula. The walled town of Nakhon Si Thammarat, one of Thailand’s oldest cities, lies near the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. Founded more than 1,000 years ago, it was the capital of a powerful state that controlled the middle portion of the peninsula; it was often called Ligor until the early 20th century. The city is the area’s commercial centre and is the site of Nakhon Si Thammarat Agricultural College and the Wat Mahathudu temple complex. The manufacture of Thai nielloware (a type of metalwork) began in the area. The city’s outport is the town of Pak Phanang. The town lies in a rich agricultural region that produces rice, fruit, coconuts, and rubber. Substantial deposits of phosphate, iron ore, lead, tin, and tungsten are mined in the area. Pop. (2000) 118,729.https://www.britannica.com/place/Nakhon-Si-Thammarat }}}} Unquote. The truth and correct one is as follow. Quote {{{{ Nakhon Si Thammarat Nakhon Si Thammarat (Thai: นครศรีธรรมราช, pronounced [ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sǐː tʰām.mā.râːt]; from Pali Nagara Sri Dhammaraja) is a city (thesaban nakhon) in southern Thailand, capital of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Province and the Nakhon Si Thammarat District. It is about 610 km (380 mi) south of Bangkok, on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula. The city was the administrative center of southern Thailand during most of its history. Originally a coastal city, silting moved the coastline away from the city. The city has a much larger north to south extension than west to east, which dates back to its original location on a flood-save dune. The modern city centre on the train station is north of Old Town. As of 2005, the city had a population of 105,417. https://www.definitions.net/definition/nakhon+si+thammarat }}}} Unquote. There are overwhelming and numerous errors and intentional fabrications inm the history of all over here in our regions and modern polities. Therefore I would not simply accept and agree with all the scholars who did not refer original Indian and Central Asian's history . Earlier I informed you the use Toranian rather than Tibeto-burman. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan (aka) raja Saraka Jan 8 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, No wonder you write inm support of White Chinese you are close to Khin Shwe and Khin Nyunt and extremist Arakanese (Rakhine) such as Nu Mra Zan. You may continue and we will also continue to eliminate untruths. Regards. adam khan (aka) Raja Saraka Jan 10 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, I was surprised that .(1) you are not close to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. (2) you are close to Rakhine Buddhist extremist and Khin Shwe. Khin Shwe , Khin Yi and Khin Nyunt (Triple Kha's) are criminals and White (KMT) Chinese. You may call them Tai pr Thai. For your information NLD Party Elder/Senior general Tin Oo ( Retired) is a Siam ( Shan and brother in law of U Ohn Maung and my wife grand uncle from her mother side. Wen any one suggests that the forefathers of Bama's and Shan are Chinese, we consider that person is not our friend and feel are insulted ISEAS has some peoples who fabricate history and create chaos in Burma's northeast. These are interference in Burma's internal affairs. Pinle or Pinya or Vizaya is not Maingmaw. Bama is Siam (Shan ) and also Mon and also Pru or Pyu or Tarisu or Tircul and also Parthir or Panthay or Hui Hui or Black Yi and Whie (bai) Yi and Parthian and Persians and Pahtan . But we are certain we have no blood relationship with Han , Tai and Thai.Wer might be vvery close to Mongolian Saks , sakas, Sakyan, Scithians and nomad , Khitanese, Uyghurs, people from Kandera, the Taliban strong hold in Afghanistan and etc. I suppose you know Ma Thet Zin ( a Kachin lady who is close to Gun Maw ) wrote so many things out of context and I commented. She unfriend and block me on Facebook We must have courage to face anyone o Facebook and media if we are standing o firm ground and our position is right we should not afraid of anyone and any organization. We are only answerable to our Allah Almighty. For you may be Lord Jesus or Lord Buddha. Be careful PRC Communists are coming. Now Xi's en are drawing 21 ( black jack ) dash lines in Northern Atlantics to claim all northern hemisphere including Scandinavia and Xi wants to take big share in North Pole and control navigation in northern hemisphere maritime route as they he is also creating chaos in Asia Pacific . Thanks and best regards. adam khan Jan 16 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, You and ISESAS should not take risk to rely on this type of information. There are many shameless people in the industry. These people promoting Bama-asa Kyauksa. http://www.mdn.gov.mm/my/pnglymiuheaang-nndpuur-ynykemupttiukttng-miungmeaapuumiuheaangsmiungwng-pccnnymaakiu-lelaaniung Sep 22 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thank you for your contributions. But I must stress that Shan and Siam are not Tai and nothing to do with Han Chinese. Earlier Yu-Nam is not Han Chinese also. It was ruled by the descendants if Emperor Asoka ( Sri Dhamma-Soka ) အ သော က ( သိ ရီ ဓမ္မာ သော က ) . Yu-am and Siam are looted from Burmese and Shan . It is obviously the British, the Dutch, the French, the Spanish and the Portuguese manipulated the lands of Indians for their benefits. Best regards. Raja Saraka ( Adam Khan) The artefacts of the plateau valleys described here highlight prehistoric trade along the same routes that fostered early Hindu and Buddhist sects. Shan State rivers spread within current borders to sites such as Sriksetra and Thaton and without to India, Sri Lanka, China and Thailand. The valley profiles below begin with the Shweli and one of several examples of upstream-down exchange: trade of timber and elephants around Mogok to the ancient city of Tagaung on the Ayeyarwaddy where recent excavations yielded urns, roof finials and ‘Pyu’ bricks dated before 800 AD. South of the Shweli along the Myit Ngeh linking Muse to Mandalay and the Kyaukse plain, are a number of bronzes of the ‘Dian cultural sphere’ of Yunnan dated to the early centuries AD.2 Next is the Zawgyi-Belu bracketing Inle Lake, with artefacts linked to bronze and early historic sites north and south of Mandalay dated to circa 700 BC-400 AD. East of the Thanlwin is Keng Tung, with its archaeology and topography connected to that of northwest Thailand. Sep 22 Adam Khan In addition, the River Myit-Nge was called Drisawati or ဒုဌ ဝ တီ in Burmese. The Tai , the Han and the Europeans cannot come and tell us what were our ancestors. We know our ancestors and wish to tell all to find their own. Sep 22 Adam Khan My dearest Moore ( ချစ် လွ စွာ သော မိုး ) နား သော တ ဆင် ပါ ‌ေ နာ်.။ Please listen Moore. https://youtu.be/RqDacsKy8s8 Our songs can tell you our history . Sep 22 Adam Khan So nobody can bull shit Burmans Sep 22 Adam Khan My dear , ရ တ် ထ နာ သိ န် ဂီ ( Rathnatheingi ) Not Rathana Thein Gyi ( ရ တ နာ သိန် ကြီး မဟုတ် ပါ) သိ န် ဂီ mans Gold . You are Gold for Burmans as you contribute a lot. So I would address you မိုး သိန် ဂီ ( or ) သိန် ဂီ မိုး ။ Warmest regards. Sep 22 Adam Khan The following is telling you that Han Chinese came to the region much later than Saka or Sakiyan ( the very race of Gautam Buddha). So we must claim those the areas connected to Hinduism/Buddhism and our ancient ancestors, the Sakiyans. Despite ancient traditions such as these, until recently archaeological work at Tagaung yielded only 9-13th C AD Bagan period material. In 1997-2006, however, excavations unearthed a number of earlier objects, including urns and decorated roof-tile finials.14 Similar finials dated to the 2nd to 6th century AD, have also been recovered from Sriksetra, around Inle Lake, at Linzhang, Hebei province, and Trakieu and Go Cam in central Vietnam.15 While these connect Tagaung to areas far to the east, other significant finds are paralleled on the west. Sep 22 Adam Khan My Dear Elizabeth Moore, You better ;earn from Sayar Bhone Tint Kyaw for Brommah and Pru (Pyu) Do nFor example, in Tagaung pit TG31, a layer of finger-marked bricks was found underneath a cemetery with possible familial clusters of urns. The discovery of the bricks generated a series of useful publications documenting the site. In these, the finger-marked bricks were used to attribute Tagaung to the Tibeto-Burman Pyu peoples and validate chronicles naming Tagaung the first capital of Myanmar. Finger-marked bricks in Myanmar die out at Bagan and so are significant chronological markers in the country’s rich but little-dated first millennium AD archaeological record. Importantly, however, finger- marked bricks have been found in the southern Mon States and in western Rakhine, so there is little reason to identify them with any particular ethnic group.ot just simply follow Yi Sein Sep 22 Adam Khan Oh my dear, If you have problem to understand our Pru (Pyu), our Mon ( RMAN) and Burman, I am veryh glad to explain to you. 1. Kindly note that Bjurhamh Desa is the country. 2. Brommah or Brahmma or Brom or Prome is the country as well as the people living there. 3. Tarisul or Tircul is the Hindu God's weapon, Trident , . You refer SIAM's logo of the country. Mon or RMAN were the follow of Prince Rama, 4. Pru or Pyu is actually the writing system not the name of race or tribe. The name of the tribe is Abhira (modern Ahir in India ) who are also associated with Cow Herd women and Khrisna. 5. Abhira Raja or Abhir-raj အ ဘိ ရာ ဇာ was the leader of the Abhira tribe migrated from modern Afganistan ( Kandahar and kashmir, Punjab , Himachal Pradesh region ) 6. Abhira is the sub-tribe of Saka or Sakiyan or Scithian or Parthian ( ပ သီ ) or Panthay (ပန်းသေး ) . Panthay are mentioned in မှန် နန်း မ ဟာ ရာ ဇ ဝင် ‌ေ တာ် ကြီး They live in east of Pagan or Pugam or Pugama ( meaning big village in Indian language) 7. Panthay are Muslims . Parthians or Pathi (simply called). In Yunnam they are are called Hui Hui . Sep 22 Adam Khan You better learn from Sayar Bhone Tint Kyaw for Brommah and Pru (Pyu) Sep 22 Adam Khan Tibeto-Burman is European invention. Actually Toranian Group Sep 22 Adam Khan Refer this also . Distribution and diversity of Y-chromosome Nei's [14] diversity statistic, h, based on the frequency of different haplogroups (Table 2), ranges from 77% in the Maram to 86.2% in the Pnar among the Khasi-Khmuic Austro-Asiatic groups, whereas it is 77.5% in the Tibeto-Burman Garo. For Y-STR haplotypes, while it ranges from 96.1% in Nongtrai to 99.9% in Khynriam in the Khasi-Khmic populations, it is 99.3% for the Garo. Out of the 26 potential haplogroups defined by the markers used in this study a total of 12 haplogroups were found in these populations (Figure 2). O-M95, with its frequency ranging from 17% in War-Khasi to 42% in War-Jaintia, was the most common haplogroup in all the Austro-Asiatic populations followed by the undifferentiated O-M122 (ranging from 11% in Nongtrai to 34% in Bhoi) where as in the Tibeto-Burman Garo the frequency of O-M134 and undifferentiated O-M122 haplogroups (23% and 17%, respectively) were the most common. H-M69 and its subclade H-M82 which is reported to be in high frequency in most of the Indo-European populations [15] are present with an average frequency of only 3% among them. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2065843/ Sep 23 Adam Khan Sylhet , When Indian PM Jawahalal Nehru visited Sylhet after WWII . He saw the people there and mentioned that they were Burmese. Take note Assam and Manipur ( မ ဏိ ပူ ရ ) were Burmese provinces. Thanks to British Indian got these provinces but Indian Central Government got big headache for these provinces because PRC is interfering in India's internal affairs. Modern Rohigya (Chakmas or Sakas) were from Bramaputra River valley. The British pushed them to south and let them settled in Chitagaung Hill Track ( CHT) . Rohingya is not race or tribe bames. They are also Sakas, Sakyans . The British is responsible for all these problems, include Wa ( Va) Sep 23 Adam Khan See Drishadwati river here. Our ansters named our rivers after their old places and rivers kin North-Western India. https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Rivers_of_Punjab Sep 23 Adam Khan See Drishadwati river here. Our ancestors named our rivers after their old places and rivers kin North-Western India. https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Rivers_of_Punjab Sep 26 Adam Khan FYI Khotanese kings were Mahāyāna Buddhist but we know this sect incorporates Vedic and Tantric systems, with all the devas such as Indra, Śiva, Viṣṇu and Sarasvatī, and just places the Buddha at the head of the system (as in Vidyākara’s Treasury). There was also Krishna worship in Khotan and we find the Rāma story in Khotanese language, of which there is also a Tibetan version. Source {https://subhashkak.medium.com/the-r%C4%81ma-story-and-sanskrit-in-ancient-xinjiang-4ce8636285ae} Sep 26 Adam Khan Dear Bob Hudson, Elizabeth Moore, Elizabeth Myat and All, I am hypothesizing that Tagaung is named afterTukhara . Reference { Many Sanskrit texts of India remember the general region as Tuṣāra or Tukhāra, and it retains currency as a popular proper name.} Ptolemy marked Tagaung as Tugma. I am certain that he called it Tugma from Tukhara. Sep 26 Adam Khan Dear Bob Hudson. Our ancestors were Saka or Sakyan or Scithian or Parthir or Pathian or simply Thak ( သက်လူမျိုး )။ စက္ကမ ( Chakma and Rohongyas ) are also Thet (Saka, Sakyan) We are of the same race with kayamuni ( Gaotam Bhddha) . There is no doubt about it. Refer {That Khotanese Saka was principally a Indo-Aryan Prakrit is reinforced by the fact that the texts are in Indian scripts of Brāhmī and Kharoṣṭhī. Many of these documents were collected in archaeological explorations to Chinese Turkestan by Aurel Stein, who is also known for his translation of Kalhaṇa’s Rājataraṅginī. Stein came across tens of thousands of manuscripts from 5th to 11th centuries in various sites including the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas in the Kansu (Gansu) province. One of the principal scholars who edited and translated many of these texts was H.W. Bailey and this literature remains a popular field of study for scholars.} Sep 26 Adam Khan https://subhashkak.medium.com/the-r%C4%81ma-story-and-sanskrit-in-ancient-xinjiang-4ce8636285ae Sep 26 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, You touch migration in your work whic Elizabeth Myat share via email to me. Kindly explore more in the areas of migration ubiased. Even the fooreffathers oof some people, races in China (we , Indians, give these the people the name "cina" and the British adopted our word to make it "China" By now you should be very ceafr ( as the Sakyan history is christal clear ) . For your easy reference kindly follow me to our Sakyan strong holds. Quote {The mummies of Tarim Basin The discovery of the Tarim mummies that go back to 1800 BCE strengthen the view that the region was Sanskritic. The earliest mummies in the Basin are exclusively Caucasoid, and scholars like Victor H. Mair argue that this antiquity implies that they should have a bearing on the expansion of the Indo-European people from their homeland. Some have suggested Europoid identification to explain the blonds and red-heads among the mummies, but there is no need to travel thousands of miles to Western Europe to explain this; Kashmir, just south of the Basin has plenty of red-heads and blonds. One of the DNA studies notes that the population had “relatively close relationships with the modern populations of South Central Asia and Indus Valley, as well as with the ancient population of Chawuhu.” This is perfectly reasonable if the original inhabitants of the region were from Indus Valley [code for India] and they left a genetic trace in the region.} Unquote. https://subhashkak.medium.com/the-r%C4%81ma-story-and-sanskrit-in-ancient-xinjiang-4ce8636285ae Oct 1 Adam Khan Dear Bob Hudson, Elizabeth Moore and Elizabeth Myat, My personal correspondences with Bob Hudson refer. As I informed you earlier, Pru (socalled Pyu) is neither the name of the race nor that of the tribe. And aalso Tircul (actially Ta-ri-sula ) is the trident, the symbol of the Siam country. In reality the name Pru is the scripture the ancioent Burman, the Abhifra's ( modern Air's) used the write their literature.Their spoken language was Roranian or Tukharian . In my opinions the name Tagaung came from Tukha-ra. Ptolemy aparently misspell and the historains fllow as Tagaung. Therefore what we call Tagaung could, the most probably be, the town of Saka's ( Abhira or Ahira is a Saka or Sakyan tribe or Sakyan race) . Therefore yju must stop repeating of fabrications Luce-Pe Maung Tin and stop telling the world thatg modern Burman came from Modern China (modern Yunnan , modern Kansu ) and etc. Please revise all what you have writen / spoken wrongly . And I also inform William Charney that neither Luce or Charney is authority of Burman History. I declared already that I ( Adam Khan Meng Au, aka Raja Saraka) is the only authority of our history. Do not get involve in genocide caused by Luce -Pe Maung Tin and their followers. To stop the civil wars or the wars among Burma's ethnic races you must stop all the bull shit provided by LLuce-Pe Maung Tin and their followers. By the way , Bob, there wa/is only Turin Hill, not Tu-yin or Ta-yuin Hill. Tu-rin , this nname appear in Italia and also Iran. Burmese are of the samwew race with Sakiyamuni , Gaotam Buddha and the Scithians, the Parthians, the Pa-tans and the Persians are the differnt spelling of Sakiyan or Saka or final Sak or Thet. My conclusion. The Abhira's or Ahir's in India were/are the Saka or the Sak in Central Steppe and in Europe or the Thet in Burma . These perople are of the same parental stock butg nothing to do with modern Chinese Tai or Han Thank you. Best regards.

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (6)

Dear Elizabeth Moore, G H Luce is a liar. Please visit this FB account. https://www.facebook.com/groups/124256081608132/user/100062239299641 Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan ( aka ) Raj Saraka Sep 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Can you advise us how should we deal with the Liar G H Luce and his followers? Please read the following ဒီလိုမျိုးမမှန်မကန်လှည့်ဖျားအစားထိုးဖေါ်ပြမှုထားမှုကြောင့်ပျူနိုင်ငံရဲ့မြို့တော်(ဝါ) ပျူမင်းနေပြည် တော် နဲ့ ပျူနိုင်ငံလည်းလည်းပျက်သုန်းခဲ့ရသလိုပျူလူမျိုးတွေလည်းမျိုးတုးံပျောက်ကွယ်သွားခဲ့ပါ တယ်ဆိုတဲ့``သမိုင်းဖြစ်ရပ်မှားကြီး´´ပေါ်ထွက်လာခြင်းဖြစ်ပါတယ် Sep 2021 Adam Khan Can you advise us how should we deal with the Liar G H Luce and his followers? Please read the following ဒီလိုမျိုးမမှန်မကန်လှည့်ဖျားအစားထိုးဖေါ်ပြမှုထားမှုကြောင့်ပျူနိုင်ငံရဲ့မြို့တော်(ဝါ) ပျူမင်းနေပြည် တော် နဲ့ ပျူနိုင်ငံလည်းလည်းပျက်သုန်းခဲ့ရသလိုပျူလူမျိုးတွေလည်းမျိုးတုးံပျောက်ကွယ်သွားခဲ့ပါ တယ်ဆိုတဲ့``သမိုင်းဖြစ်ရပ်မှားကြီး´´ပေါ်ထွက်လာခြင်းဖြစ်ပါတယ် Sep 2021 Adam Khan Royal Mandalay liked Banmaw Ahpuu's post: "ထိုလူတွေပေါ့။ ဗုဒ္ဓကိုဗမာလူမျိုးလို ့ပြောပြီး Indiaဟန်ပန်နဲ ့တည်ရှိမူကိုလက်ခံတယ်........ တိဗက်တိုဘာမန်း လော့လော် ယန်စီအုပ်စုဘာညာသာဓကာစိနအနွယ်ဆိုပြီး စာအရေးအသားကျတော့တုတ်ချောင်းစာမယူပဲ...... ထိုလူတွေပေါ့ ပုဂံမှာ ဘုရားများလို ့ဘုန်းကြီးကျောင်းကိုမှန်ဘီလူးနဲ ့ရှာကြ........ ဘယ်လောက်ကြီးကျယ်တယ်ပြောပြီး နန်းတော်ရာကို အပ်ပျောက်သလိုရှာကြပြန်တယ်...... ထိုလူတွေပေါ့ အရည်းကြီးတွေကိုလိုရင်သူတို ့လူ မလိုရင်ဒိဠိတွေလို မောင်းထုတ်ပြန်တယ်....... အဲ ကိုယ်ရေးတဲ့ကျောက်စာကိုယ်မဖတ်တတ်ပြန်ဘူးဗျာ။ အံ့သြစရာကောင်းလှပါတယ်။....... ထိုလူတွေပေါ့ မဝေးသေးတဲ့AD.10ကာလကို မိမိလူမျိုးပြောပြီးဘာမှန်းမသိရမ်းသမ်းဆန်းဆူးရှားဖွေနေကြတုန်း ပြီးတော့လိမ်ကြတာပေါ့ တကယ်ဆိုရင်မဖြစ်သင့်ပါဘူး........ ပျူcoinတွေကအစ ပျူယဥ်ကျေးမူအဆုံးဘာတစ်ခုမျှမယ်မယ်ရရမတူပဲ အသုံးပြ ုမထားပဲ ပျူတဲ့ဗျာ(မဟာသေလာဓလေ့/ပုတီးဓလေ့/warn Gateဓလေ့/ဘောင်းဘီဝတ်ဓလေ့/ခေါင်းပေါင်းဓလေ့/အရိုးအိုးဓလေ့)..... ထိုလူတွေပေါ့ ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာအရမ်းထွန်းကားခဲ့တယ်ဆိုပြီး ရုပ်ပွားတော်တစ်ခုစ/နှစ်ခုစလေးကို ပြသလေ့ရှိကြတယ်....... ကမ္ဘာအနှံ ့တူညီတဲ့ယဥ်ကျေးမူဖြစ်ထွန်းခဲ့တဲ့ သေလူမြှ ုပ်နှံမူစနစ် နဲ ့ သျှီဝhindiဆာဒူးကျင့်ကြံရာ /မွတ်ဆလင်sufiဆူဖီကျင့်ကြံရာ ဂူတွေကို ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာလိုင်းထဲထည့်ပြီးနောက်ဘုရားရုပ်တွေတည်ထားကိုးကွယ်လိုက်ကြတယ် ဂူရဲ ့ကာဗွန်နိပ် နဲ ့ ဘုရားရဲ ့သက်တမ်းကကွာဟနေတယ်။ ရဟန်းတစ်ပါးအစကတည်းက တရားအားထုတ်ခဲ့သည်ဆိုလျှင် ဗုဒ္ဓဆင်းတု/ပုံတော်မဟုတ်လျှင်တောင် ဗုဒ္ဓကိုယ်စား စီးနေသောမြင်းပုံ/ကြာပန်းပုံ/ညောင်ပင်ပုံတော့ မြန်မာ့ဂူတွေမှာ ပုဂံခေတ်မှာတွေ ့ရမှာပဲ။(Bc.ကာလရဟန်းတွေတောင်တရားစျာန်ဝင်ဖို ့ကိုယ်စားပုံတော်တွေလုပ်ကြတယ် သို ့သော်........ ထိုလူတွေက အနော်ရထာအကြောင်းစာကြောင်း10ခုမပြည့်သည်တောင်ကြီးကျယ်သလိုလို....... ကျန်စစ်မင်းအမေဘင်ဂလီဖြစ်တယ်ဆိုတာမသိသလိုလို...... ပုဂံမင်းဆက်နာမည်တွေက တရုတ်လိုပဲထင်ရ😁သလိုလို.... ပေါက်ကရ ထင်ရာမြင်ရာတွေပြောပြီး ထိုလူတွေက သက္ကတစကားကပဲဗုဒ္ဓရန်သူတော်ဖြစ်သလိုလို ပါဠိစကားကပဲဗမာတွေပြောခဲ့သလိုလိုနဲ ့ ပါဠိလိုဟောထားတဲ့တရားမေးကြည့် ဘာမျှမသိဘူးရယ်..... (အာရပ်တွေကိုkoranမေးကြည့် ဖတ်တတ်တယ်=သူတို ့စကားသူတို ့စာကိုး) အဲ သမိုင်းတွေကိုဖတ်လိုက်ရင် ကိုးကွယ်တဲ့ဗုဒ္ဓနဲ ့တန်းညှိထားတယ်။ဗုဒ္ဓကပဲမြန်မာပြည်မှာ ခြေချခဲ့သလိုလို သာသနာပြ ုဖို ့နတ်သားကိုညွှန်ခဲ့သလိုလိုနဲ ့ India(အများအဆို)ကနေ ဘယ်မှမသွားတဲ့ဗုဒ္ဓကိုမြန်မာ့ပြည်အတင်းလာခိုင်းပြန်တယ် သမိုင်းမှန်သိသွားတော့ မရတော့ စိတ်နဲ ့ကြွတယ်လုပ်ချပြန်တယ်။ မိခင်နို ့ဘိုးတရားဟောဖို ့စိတ်နဲ ့မကြွတဲ့ (နတ်တွေလာခေါာ) ဗုဒ္ဓကိုမြန်မာပြည်ကိုအတင်းစိတ်နဲ ့ကြွခိုင်းပြန်တယ်...... ထိုလူတွေပေါ့ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းဦးနေဝင်းမတိုင်ခင်က စာအုပ်/မှတ်တမ်းတွေကို အကုန်မဟုတ်ဖူးငြင်းကြတယ် 19ရာစုပညာရှင်တွေကို ပေါက်ကရ40တွေပြောပြီး ဖြတ်/ညှပ်/ကပ်သမိုင်းတွေလုပ်ပြီး နောင်ထိုးကျောက်စာတွေရေးကြတယ်။ ဗိုလ်ချ ုပ်ထွန်းကြည်တို ့သုတေသနအဖွဲ ့မြေလှန်ရှာပြီးသားပါ။ သူတို ့ကပို၍တောင်ဗမာ=ပျ ူလို ့ ပျ ူ=ဗမာလို ့ ပြောချင်ကြတာပေါ့😁 သို ့သော်........" Sep 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, The name Maingmaw or Maingmao of your work is new though the place was ancient. The name is modern creation and fabrication of pro-Chinese scholars. Refer the following. မိုင်းမောဆိုသည့်အမည်နာမ သမိုင်းမှတ်တမ်းများတွင် မိုင်းမောဆိုသည့်အမည်ပါရှိသည့် ခေတ်ကြီးတစ်ခေတ်ရှိခဲ့သည် မဟုတ်ပေ။ သို့ရာတွင် ဤမိုင်းမောမြို့ဟောင်း အရာကြီးမှာ ဧရိယာပမာဏအနေဖြင့်လည်း ရှေးဟောင်းခေတ်ပိုင်းပို၍ ကျသည့် အဝိုင်းပုံသဏ္ဌာန်မျိုးဖြစ်နေခြင်းနှင့် ပွန်းတီးယိုယွင်းမှု အခြေ အနေမှာလည်း နှစ်ပရိစ္ဆေရှည်ကြာမှုကို ထောက်ကူနေခြင်းကြောင့် အလွန်စိတ်ဝင်စားခဲ့ရပေသည်။ မိုင်းမောဆိုသည့်အမည်မှာ ၎င်းမြို့ဟောင်းအရာ၏အတွင်း၌ လုံးလုံးလျားလျားတည်ရှိသည့် ဥန္နဲပုတ်နှင့် မိုင်းမောဟူသောကျေးရွာနျစ်ခုအနက်ပို၍ မြို့ဟောင်းအတွင်းပိုင်း၊ ဗဟိုကျသည့်မိုင်းမော ရွာကလေးကိုအမှီပြုပြီး မိုင်းမောမြို့ဟောင်း- ဟူ၍ပင် မှည့်ခေါ်ထားခြင်းဖြစ်ပေသည်။ သမိုင်းလာ အမည်ကား မဟုတ်ပါချေ။ မိုင်းမော၏ဝန်းကျင်၌ နတ်လွှဲ၊ မြနဒီ၊ ထီးလိုင်၊ ထားဝယ်အင်း၊ ရွှေလောင်း၊ ရခိုင်ကြီး၊ မြို့တွင်း၊ တောင်တော်စသည့် ကျေးရွာများရှိလေသည်။ ၎င်းဒေသတွင်သမိုင်းလာအမည်နှင့် အနီးစပ်ဆုံးသော ကျေးရွာအမည်မှာ ထီးလိုင်ရွာဖြစ် သည်။ ထီးလိုင်သည် မိုင်းမောမြို့ဟောင်း၏အရှေ့ဘက်စူးစူး(၁၀)မိုင်ခန့်တွင်ရှိသည်။ လမ်းအတိုင်း သွားလျှင်(၁၂)မိုင် (၁၃)မိုင်ခန့်သွားရသည်။ ထီးလိုင်သည် ပေပေါင်း ၅၃၀ဝကျော်ရှိသည့် ဝါးဘိုးတောင်ခြေရင်းတွင်ရှိသည်။ ဝါးဘိုးတောင် နှင့် ၎င်း၏အနောက်ဘက်ရှိပေ ၂၀ဝ၀ကျော်ခန့်မြင့်သည့် အခြားတောင်တန်းတစ်ခုတို့၏ အကြားရှိ ချိုင့်ဝှမ်းထဲ၌တည်ရှိသည်။ ပြန့်ပျူးကျယ်ဝန်းသည့် အနေအထားမရှိ။ သို့ဖြစ်၍ မြို့ဟောင်းအရာနှင့် အနီးဆုံးဖြစ်ပြီး မြို့ဟောင်းရာ၏ဗဟိုချက်တွင် တည်ရှိနေသည့် မိုင်းမောရွာကလေးကိုအမှီပြုပြီး မိုင်းမောမြို့ဟောင်းဟူ၍ပင် မှည့်ခေါ်ထားခြင်းဖြစ်ပေသည်။ သမိုင်းလာအမည်ကား မဟုတ်ပါချေ။ (Ref: https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8 } Sep 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, I heard from people that you are Burmese Language Literate. Kindly refer the following. Quote {{{{ မိုင်းမော ဟူသောအမည်နာမနှင့် ပတ်သက်၍ သမိုင်း၌တွေ့ရှိရသည့်အကြောင်းအချက်များ ကို စေ့ငုသုံးသပ်ကြည့်လျှင် ယခုတွေ့ရှိသည့် မိုင်းမောဟုအမည်မှည့်ခေါ်ထားသည့် မိုင်းမောမြို့ ဟောင်းကြီးမှာ သမိုင်းအလာ မိုင်းမောနှင့် လုံးဝပတ်သက်မှုရှိဟန်မတွေ့ရပါ။ မြန်မာရာဇဝင်များ၊ ကုန်းဘောင်သီပေါရာဇဝင်များအရဆိုလျှင် ““ရှမ်းမင်းအစ ဘိန္နက””ဟု ရှမ်းပြည်ကိုစတင်တည်ထောင်ခဲ့ရာ ဘိန္နကရာဇာမင်းဖြစ်ကြောင်း ဖွင့်ဆိုရေးသားကြသည်ကို တွေ့ရ ပေသည်။ ဘိန္နကရာဇာသည် ရွှေလီမြစ်အထက်ပိုင်း လက်ယာဘက်ကမ်းခြေ မိုင်းမောဒေသ၌ အခြေချကာ ရှမ်းတစ်ဆယ့်ကိုးခရိုင်ကိုစတင်တည်ထောင်ခဲ့သည်ဟု အဆိုရှိ၏။ ထို့ကြောင့် ရှမ်းပြည်ထောင်အစ မိုင်းမောကဟူ၍ အဆိုရှိကြောင်းလည်း သိရပေသည်။ https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8 }}}} and amend your paper [[[[ file:///D:/ADAMK/My%20PC%20(DESKTOP-CKJN10J)/Documents/Finger_marked_designs_on_ancient_bricks.pdf ]]]] accordingly. Your paper misleads new generation scholars. It is no good to interfere in Burma's internal affairs. Thanks and best regards. adam khan Dec 10 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore. FYI. file:///D:/Adam%20M%20%20Khan/The_History_of_Brahmmar_pdf.pdf Dec 10 Adam Khan G.H.Luce overlooked all the clues and traces of the evidences of Bammar in BC era. He tried to make Bammar history newly based on Man Shu compiled by Chinese general Fan Chaw in 864 AD after the battle of Annam (Hanoi) with Nan Chao in 863 AD. There are a lot of errors in Man Shu. Moreover, Man Shu was compiled by Fan Chaw with only hearsay from some people of the eastern Yunan who had never been to Pyu kingdom. Luce said, referring to the Man Shu, that Nan-Chao attacked and looted Pyu capital and took 3000 Pyu as prisoner of war and Pyu Kingdom ruined and Pyu dissappeared in 832 AD; that Mi-Chen, which he thought Pegu and Mon without evidence, was destroyed and looted their gold and silver by NanChao and Three thousand pows of its clansmen were caputred in 835 AD; that there was a double vacuum in the plains of Burma; that in that time, Mang-Chao, who did not want to stay under cruel and strict Nan Chao, moved from Yu-nan to Kyaukse; that they suddenly descended en masse upon the plains of Kyaukse from Nat-Hteik Pass, rapidly overran Kyaukse, which he thought Mon district without evidence of 9 C AD. and settled there and so Kyaukse was the first place of Mang whom he thought Bammar. Moreover, Mang continuously marched, attacked and occupied Taung Pyon district in the north of Kyaukse and 6 distiricts of Minbu located in the west bank of Irrawaddy 150 miles far from the South west of Kyaukse; that he thought 6 districts of Minbu at that time were Palaung; that those 18 districts over the frist settlements of Mang being Burman and so Barman called only those 18 districts Kha-Rine and never called them Taik; that the districts which they attacked and occupied later time were called Taik and never called them Kha-Rines; that Burman received Buddhist sasanar, alphabets and Buddhist architecture from Mon of Kyaukse and they were able to read and write and, build Buddhist sasanar building; that Burman founded Pagan in 849 AD; that they had not emperor till King ANaw-Ra-Htar in 11 C AD. Those statement mentioned above are the main facts of Luce in the paper. Are they really the facts of the history of Bammar or are they the episodes of the dreaming story told by Luce? Dec 10 Adam Khan Pyu Rar-Za-Win Se-hmit-Saung-Twe. (12 chronicles of Pyu history) mentions Pegu Pyu city State, Tha-Htone Pyu city state and Ta-nin-thar-ri Pyu city state. In the recent years, U Naing Win, the leader and associate Professor and the other associate professors, the members, of the research team (History) of Maw-La-Myaing university have found a lot of Pyu alphabets inscribed on the ancient bricks of some ancient pagodas and some ancient walls in the ancient towns between Kyaik-hto town and Than-Phyu-Za-Rut town, the present time Mon State in Myanmar. I myself have found Pyu alphabets in ancient Par-da and In-ga-pu Ph.D Myo-Thant Tin, the researcher, firstly found Pyu alphabets on Sint-Wares or glazedwares in ancient Twun-Te and later so did I. Dec 10 Adam Khan The writing of Bammar Language in Srikhistra, Hanlin and Pagan between 2 C AD and 11 C AD. The writing of Bammar Language began in Srikhistra. The writings on the 4 urns of 3 Pyu Kings and One Pyu queen are Bammar Language. Blagden guessing the meaning of them roughly he could not say what the grammer is and What the syntax is. He could not decipher some of vocabularies. I can decipher almost all and show the grammar and syntax in the seminar in U.H.R.C. in 2004. In addition to them, I can decipher and show the sentence of Bammar Language among Sanskrit on the throne of the Buddha statute of Kan-Wek-Gaung mound of Srikhistra. And the inscription of Han Lin is also the Bammar sentence with the names of Sanskrit. And I was able to read the unknown face of Pagan MyaZei-di inscription which is also Bammar grammar, Bammar sentences, and most of the vocabularies are ancient Bammar in the same seminar in U.H.R.C Ph.D. Than Tun, the chairman of the seminar, checked and accepted my deciphering and showing grammar and syntax of all of them above. No one argued them in the seminar. The Myanmar scholars present in the seminar themselves saw all the inscriptions which Blagden used the name Pyu temporarily as a convenient label are Bammar grammar, Bammar sentences, and many Bammar vocabularies with a few vocabularies of Parli, Sanskrit and only one vocabularly of Mon in the unknown face of Mya-zei-di inscription. The alphabets of the 4 urns of 3 kings and one queen are the alphabets of 2 C AD before Gupta in 4 C AD. Those do not resemble with Guptu alphabets and the new Gupta alphabets. They are earlier than Gupta and changed from the ancient Brahmi alphabets in 6 C – 3 C BC. The alphabets of Han Lin and the alphabets of the other inscriptions found in Srikhistra are said to be those between 4 C AD and 7 C AD. Dec 10 Adam Khan In conclusion, it is seen that G.H.Luce’s theory of the history of Bammar or Burman is wrong because Mang tirbe did not move from Yunan to Pyu Kingdom which was not ruined and Bammar Pagan kingdom was recorded in Chinese records in 3 C AD. And Srikhistra kingdom was known Bammar kingdom by the ancient Indians. The Bammar Kingdom and the Bammar Buddhist culture – the Buddhist temples, the pagodas, the alphabets, the gold leaves, the stone inscriptions of Parli, Sanskrit and Bammar language, the statues of gold, bronze and stone, the terracottas and etc. – had existed since Srikhistraera, the capital of BC period before Dwar-rar-waddy so called Mon country in 6 C AD. Brahmmar, the original name of Bammar has many various synonym names-Bammar, Myanmar, Brohmmar, Prohmmar, Pyumar, Pyu and Pu. Pyu is a synonym name of Bammer. Therefore, Pyu is Bammar and Pyu kingdom and Pyu culture are Bammar kingdom and Bammar culture Dec 26 Elizabeth Moore Merry Christmas Adam Khan - thank you for your ongoing critique. I hope you write an article summarising all the interesting errors you point out. Best 2022 Elizabeth Dec 26 Adam Khan VERY MERRY CHRISTMAS TO MY DEAR ELIZABETH MOORE. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymerqgxP1PU Dec 27 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Honestly I appreciate you for all your contributions prior to participating in the ISEAS Program except that Sampa Naga which I highlighted to you that it was Sampa Negara. Frankly ISEAS is interfering geopolitically, literally and culturally in our History of Southeast Asia, South Asia . It is shameless for anyone who hid the truth by fabricating untruth. I would suggest you should stay away from ISEAS. In my personal opinion you are regarded by scholars and researchers of Burma as a pioneer who broke away from classical writing of our history under umbrella of colonialism. Thank you for your encouragement. I am derived by patriotism not an academic or a scholar. I am a mere researcher who is long for truth, absolute truth, nothing but only the truth. Thanks and best regards. adam Dec 31 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth, Very Happy New Year ! https://earth.google.com/web/search/Mongmao/@23.23593962,96.54486047,294.96614907a,670519.23618414d,35y,-47.75061239h,49.23256629t,0r/data=CnIaSBJCCiUweDM3MmM4ZTRiNGViMWMwOGY6MHhiNDE2ODdlMGM5MjhkYWUyGZII6BlW-DZAIQHzNXAsvlhAKgdNb25nbWFvGAEgASImCiQJyE50i8tVN0ARuJogGyQ6N0AZ9rk2lBOCWEAhhnohLRJ6WEA Dec 31 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth, I do not know who are behind all the socalled historians who contributed on Wikipedia. How could we regulate and standardize .There are many untruth, genuine mistakes, errors and fabrications. We know the exact location of Maingmaw which is very close to Yunnan, PRC not the place indicated on the map as presented on Wikipedia. Reference . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagaung_Kingdom (Wrong location). Correct location can be found on Google Earth https://earth.google.com/web/search/Mongmao/@23.03386181,98.85669428,1304.33377785a,94900.53446699d,35y,-45.62126477h,17.81728387t,0r/data=CnIaSBJCCiUweDM3MmM4ZTRiNGViMWMwOGY6MHhiNDE2ODdlMGM5MjhkYWUyGZII6BlW-DZAIQHzNXAsvlhAKgdNb25nbWFvGAEgASImCiQJyE50i8tVN0ARuJogGyQ6N0AZ9rk2lBOCWEAhhnohLRJ6WEA Jan 2 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore and Bob Hudson, With sincerity and faithfulness I would continue my research on our own history,. the history of Asia, including Central Asia, China, India , South and Southeast Asia inclusive of Maritime Asia but not Middle East. To the best of my knowledge I understand that Elizabeth Moor is an American based in UK and Bob Hudson, an Australian in Australia. We have a lot of problems in Asia and appreciate your dedicated efforts on Burmese History and archaeology. However I must stress that there are some words, phrases , sentences which offend us and I am sincerely concern about . I found the following on the British Website. Quote {{{{ The unification of Myanmar Nanzhao acted as a buffer against Chinese power to the north and allowed the infant Burman kingdom to grow. The Burmans learned much from the Pyu, but they were still cut off from the trade revenues of southern Myanmar. Theravada Buddhism had disappeared from India, and in its place were Mahayana Buddhism and a resurgent Hinduism.https://www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar/The-unification-of-Myanmar#ref52599 }}}} I am feeling insulted and threaten. Kindly look into amending these. If these are beyond your control and scope of your research, I will send a feedback to the British Embassy in Singapore. We had problems in the past. And we are also facing so many Geopolitical Problems in our region. But these do not constitute to be insulted. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan (aka) Raja Saraka

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (5)

Dear Elizabeth Moore and San Win Re: Sampanago: “City of Serpents” and Muttama (Martaban) The real name is Sampanagara which means Champa Nagara. The ancient city Pugama or Tugama ( Tagaung ) was referred as Samkissa Rathta or Samkkisa Nagor or Nagara . Rathta means Taing တိုင်း Nagor or Nagara means Negari or နေ ဂြီ or နေ ပြည် means country. Naga = Serpents Therefore in "Sampanago" both Sampa and Nago or Nagara or Negari cannot be translated to Naga or snake or serpent န ဂါး ။ There is no ground to assume Nagara is Serpent. I will continue my argument. Thanks and best regards. adam khan Oct 2020 Adam Khan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_in_Southeast_Asia Oct 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Urban Forms and Civic Space in Nineteenth- to Early Twentieth-Century Bangkok and Rangoon Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thank you for your valuable contributions. Warmest regards. adam khan Feb 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, FYI. https://www.thethailandlife.com/origin-thai-people. Thanks and best regards adam khan Apr 2021 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Carnelian in Myanmar: Prehistoric to early Buddhist beads-An Introductory Note on Archaeological and Ethnological observations in Myanmar Dear Elizabeth Moore,. I am certain that Pru ( Tircul or Tarisula ) culture is not Buddhist but Hindu. The following is extracted from your valuable research paper. Samon RiverValley Bronze-Iron carnelian In the Samon River Valley culture of 600 BCE to 300 CE, finds of carnelian beads are circa abundant. The increased use of carnelian over this time period may reflect innovative methods of extracting the stone or possibly improved drilling and polishing techniques [ : Some of the Note excavated sites of the Samon Valley are shown on Figure 1 above located between Mandalay and Nay Pyi Taw]. Figure 2: Carnelian cylinders awaiting polishing and leech shaped bead with white line decoration, My point is Samon Valley and the entire Burmese ( Brahma-desa) is of Hindu. All the ancient historical buildings and city states such as Sriksetra and Vishnu are Hindu not Buddhist. Even Mahayana Buddhism is Hindu not Theravadin. Buddhism is an offshoot of the Hinduism. Thank you. Yours truly. Adam khan (aka) Raja Saraka Apr 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, I forget to mentioned. Nothing in Burma is of Tai or Thai or Han Chinese. We do not have any Tai or Thai or Han Chinese archeological and cultural items found in the whole Burma. If something similar found in Yunnan and elsewhere those items might be from modern Burma, modern India, modern Pakistan, modern Afghanistan, central Asia and Persia region . Han Chinese and Tai Chinese culture are very unique and different from others. The Chinese thought they were supreme and the rest are barbarians. So we are Barbarians. We want to continue as Barbarians. Thank you. Yours truly. adam khan May 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Please forward the following to Michael W Charney. Thanks. Adam Khan. {{{{{ Dear Michael Charney, Kindly look into Dr Thanty Myint -U's interpretation of Tarote not Tayoub as you spell. Tarote does not mean Sino Han people. In fact Tarot means Mongo Tartar people of central steppe. Burmese refer to Sino Han people as Cina ( as the Indian terms these people from East of our Indian Countries, such as Bengall, Nepal , Tibet, Burma and etc. Cina in pali literally means Sina or Sino people. Cina in Hindhio literally means Qi-na whicjh means China . The British adopted Indian Hindhi word Cina and call the countryh of Han people as China and the people Chinese. There were no Han Chinese migrants till the British invaded Burma forcefully made colony. After the British presence the KMTY or Nationalist Chinese who are friends of the British many Chinese migrants came into Burma, Some of the villages in Fujiang moved entirely to lower Burma. Do not try to tell the world that Tarote (Tayoub) means Sino Han people who migrated to Burma long ago Most of them are recent illegal migrants. However there were Partians and/or Indo-Parthians or Palva peoples who lived in modern Yunnan which was ruled by Mauryan Asokan's descendants. If you refer Hman Nan Maha Razwen Daw Gyi, you will find Pathians are referred as Pan-thay's. They are Indic people not Sino Han Peoples. Trust this note clarifies your interpretation is not appropriate. Thank you. Best regards Adam Khan}}}}} May 2021 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, FYI file:///D:/Dropbox/My%20PC%20(DESKTOP-CKJN10J)/Documents/Asia_east_of_the_Ganges_on_maps_accordin.pdf May 2021 Adam Khan FYI. My message to Dear Adalbert J Gail, Thanks for your contributions. I would like to inform you my findings as below. 1, Entire main Land Southeast Asia and Maritime Southeast Asia were all Hindu Countries in the beginning . 2. Siam , Assam, Northeast India , Champa Negara in Vietnam and Cambodia or Kambuja, Sampa Negara in Burma are the Hindu Countries where the people worshipped Vishnu . 3. Vishnu and serpent cannot be separated at all time. Refer the following Śrī Ca¯mpes´vara (i.e. Visṇ ̣u) in ‘the land (sruk) of Dva¯ravatī’, 33 although it is doubtful that the place-name refers here to the same early polity known in Thailand that is the focus of the present article.34 { P400 Nicolas Revire : file:///D:/Dropbox/My%20PC%20(DESKTOP-CKJN10J)/Documents/Dvaravati_and_Zhenla_in_the_seventh_to_e.pdf } cc : Nicolas Revire. Thanks and best regards. Adam khan (a ) Raja Saraka

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (4)

Dear Elizabeth, Please ask your Burmese Colleagues to read or translate for you သမိုင်းအမှားကို သင်ရိုးထဲထည့်တာ တရားခံဘယ်သူလဲ ******* ******** ****** ***** စတုတ္ထတန်း လူမှုရေးဘာသာ သင်ရိုးစာအုပ်မှာ ပါတဲ့ မြန်မာတွေဟာ အေဒီ၉ရာစုနောက်ပိုင်း ရှမ်းကုန်းပြင်မြင့်မှ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ အလယ်ပိုင်းကို ဝင်လာတယ်။ ကျောက်ဆည် မင်းဘူးဒေသတွေမှာ အခြေချနေထိုင် နယ်မြေချဲ့ထွင်ပြီး ပုဂံကိုတည်တယ် ဆိုတာ ဘာအထောက်အထားမှ မရှိတဲ့ သမိုင်းအမှားကြီး ဖြစ်ပါတယ်။ GH Luce ရဲ့ သမိုင်းအမှားကြီးကို အခြေခံထားတဲ့ အမှားပေါ် အမှားဆင့်ထားတဲ့ သမိုင်းအမှားကြီးသာ ဖြစ်တယ်။ နောက်ထပ်အမှားများကတော့ သင်ကြားမယ့် ဆရာတွေကို ညွှန်ကြားချက်များပဲ ဖြစ်တယ်။ ပုဂံကို မတည်ထောင်မီက မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအနှံ့ ပဒေသရာဇ် နိုင်ငံငယ်များ ရှိခဲ့ပြီး မြန်မာတို့ဟာ အေဒီ၉ရာစုမှာ ယူနန်ကတဆင့် ရှမ်းကုန်းပြင်မြင့်ကို ဖြတ်ကျော်ပြီး မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ အလည်ပိုင်းမှာ အခြေချ၊ ပဒေသရာဇ်နိုင်ငံငယ်တွေကို သိမ်းသွင်းပြီး ညောင်ဦးမှာ ပုဂံကိုတည်ထောင်တယ် ဆိုတာလဲ ဘာအထောက်အထားမှ မရှိတဲ့ ဘာသုတေသနမှ မရှိတဲ့ လိုရာဆွဲ လုံးထွေးပြောထားတဲ့ သမိုင်းအမှားသာ ဖြစ်ပါတယ်။ ဒီလို သမိုင်းအမှားတွေကို ငယ်ရွယ်နုနယ်သေးတဲ့၊ ဖြူစင်နေဆဲ မူလတန်းအရွယ် ကလေးတွေ ခေါင်းထဲကို အဆိပ်အပင်းလို မထည့်သင့်ကြောင်း ပညာရှင်တွေရော ဝါသနာရှင်တွေရော ထောက်ပြနေကြတာ တွေ့နေရပေမယ့် တရားခံ ဘယ်သူလဲ၊ နောက်ကွယ်က လက်မဲကြီးဟာ ဘယ်သူလဲ ဆိုတာတော့ မသိရသေးပါဘူး။ သင်ရိုးထဲ ပါလာတဲ့ ဒီသမိုင်းအမှားကြီးဟာ GH Luce ရဲ့ ကျောက်ဆည်စာတမ်း သမိုင်းအမှားကြီးပဲဖြစ်ပြီး GH Luce ဒီစာတမ်းကို စရေးကတည်းက ပညာရှင်တွေဖြစ်ကြတဲ့ ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် ကျောင်းအုပ်ကြီး ဒေါက်တာထင်အောင်၊ ရှေးဟောင်းသုတေသနဌာန ညွှန်ကြားရေးမှူးချုပ် ဆရာကြီးဦးဖိုးလတ်၊ ပြင်ပ ပညာရှင်တွေဖြစ်တဲ့ သတင်းစာဆရာကြီးဦးသိန်းမောင်၊ စာရေးဆရာကြီး သိန်းဖေမြင့်တို့က ဒါ အမှားကြီးဆို ကန့်ကွက်ခဲ့ကြပြီး စွယ်စုံကျမ်းထဲ မထည့်ဖို့ သင်ရိုးထဲ မထည့်ဖို့ ကန့်ကွက်ခဲ့ကြပါတယ်။ ဒါ့ အပြင်ယင်းသမိုင်းအယူအဆကို မြန်မာစာဌာနက ပညာရှင် ဆရာကြီးဦးမောင်မောင်တင် (မဟာဝိဇ္ဇာ)၊ ကထိက ဦးသက်တင်တို့ကလဲ လက်မခံ ကန့်ကွက်ခဲ့ကြပါတယ်။ သမိုင်းပညာရှင် ဆရာကြီးဒေါက်တာသန်းထွန်းကလဲ ဆရာကြီးဦးဖိုးလတ်ကို ထောက်ခံပြီး ဦးဖိုးလတ် အဆိုသင့်မြတ်ကြောင်း၊ ဒီသမိုင်းအမှားကြီးကို သင်ရိုးထဲ မထည့်သင့်ကြောင်း ရေးသားခဲ့ပါတယ်။ သက္ကရာဇ် ၂၀၀၀ နောက်ပိုင်း မျက်မှောက်ခေတ်မှာလဲ အမေရိကန်နိုင်ငံ ဟာဝိုင်ယီတက္ကသိုလ်က နိုင်ငံတကာပညာရှင် ဆရာကြီး မိုက်ကယ်အောင်သွင်၊ စာရေးဆရာကြီး တက္ကသိုလ်ဘုန်းနိုင်ရဲ့သား သမိုင်းသုတေသီ ဆရာကြီးဘုန်းတင့်ကျော်တို့ကလဲ ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်မှာ GH Luce မှားကြောင်း စာတမ်းတွေ တင်သွင်းဖတ်ကြားခဲ့ကြပြီးပါပြီ။ ဒေါက်တာသန်းထွန်းနဲ့ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်က ပညာရှင်အများ စစ်ဆေးလက်ခံခဲ့ပြီးပါပြီ။ တစ်သက်လုံး သမိုင်းနဲ့ရှေးဟောင်းသုတေသန လုပ်လာတဲ့၊ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံက လူမသိသေးတဲ့ မြို့ဟောင်းများစွာ ဖေါ်ထုတ်ပေးခဲ့တဲ့၊ မြန်မာ့ကြေးခေတ်ကို စတင်ရှာဖွေပေးခဲ့တဲ့၊ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းပြုစုရေးအဖွဲ့ အဖွဲ့ဝင်ဖြစ်ခဲ့တဲ့ ပညာရှင် မန္တလေးက ဆရာကြီး တမ္ပဝတီဦးဝင်းမောင်ကလဲ ဒီသမိုင်းအမှားကြီးကို လက်မခံ ကန့်ကွက်ပါတယ်။ တကောင်းမြို့ဟောင်းသည် ပျူမြို့ဟောင်းကြီးဖြစ်ကြောင်း၊ ဘီစီ၆ရာစု တကောင်းကို ဖေါ်ထုတ်ပေးခဲ့တဲ့ ဆရာဒေါက်တာမင်းဟန်လဲ ဒီသမိုင်းအမှားကြီးကို ကန့်ကွက်ပါတယ်။ အလွတ်တန်း သမိုင်းသုတေသီ လူငယ် လူလတ်များစွာ၊ စာဖတ်သမ္ဘာရင့် သမိုင်းဝါသနာရှင် များစွာကလဲ ကန့်ကွက်ကြပါတယ်။ သမိုင်းပညာရဲ့ စံက ရှင်းရှင်းလေးပါ။ No evidance no history အထောက်အထား မရှိရင် အမှန်သမိုင်းမဟုတ်ဘူး။ အခု ဒီသင်ရိုးထဲ သမိုင်းဆိုပြီး ရေးထားတဲ့ အကြောင်းအရာတွေသည် အထောက်အထား လုံးဝမရှိတဲ့အတွက် အမှန်သမိုင်းတွေ မဟုတ်တဲ့ လုပ်ဇာတ်ကြီးပါ။ အဲဒီလို လုပ်ဇာတ်ကြီးကို သမိုင်းဆိုပြီး ကလေးတွေကို သင်ကြားခိုင်းတာ အနာဂတ်မျိုးဆက်သစ်တွေရဲ့ အသိဉာဏ်ကို သတ်နေတာပါ။ ဒါကို ဘယ်သူ လုပ်သလဲ။ အခု မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်ကို ဘယ်သူတွေနဲ့ ဖွဲ့စည်းထားလဲ။ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင် ဥက္ကဋ္ဌသည် ဝန်ကြီးသူရအောင်ကိုဖြစ်ပြီး ပညာရှင်တွေဘက်က လုပ်ရတဲ့ ဒုဥက္ကဋ္ဌသည် ဆရာကြီး ဒေါက်တာတိုးလှ ဖြစ်ပါတယ်။ ကျွန်တော် ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ်သမိုင်းဌာနမှာ သမိုင်းဘွဲ့လွန်အတန်းတက်တော့ ဆရာကြီးဦးတိုးလှက တစ်ချိန်လာ ဟောပြောပြီး သူ့ကိုယ်သူ GH Luce ရဲ့ မြေးတပည့်လို့ ပြောခဲ့ဖူးပါတယ်။ ဆရာကြီးဦးတိုးလှရဲ့ ဇနီးဟာ ရှမ်းဖြစ်ပြီး ဆရာကြီးဟာ Luce ရဲ့ တပည့်ဖြစ်တာကြောင့်လား၊ ဒါမှမဟုတ် မိန်းမဘက်လိုက်ပြီး မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကို နှိမ်ချင်တာလားဆိုတာ မေးချင်ပေမယ့် မမေးရဲပါဘူး။ လက်ရှိ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်ရဲ့ အရေးပါလှတဲ့ အတွင်းရေးမှူးကတော့ ဆရာကြီးဒေါက်တာကျော်ဝင်းဖြစ်ပြီး သူက မွန်ပြည်နယ်ဇာတိ မွန်တရုတ်အမျိုူသား တစ်ယောက်ဖြစ်ပြီး မွန်စွဲ အတော်လေးကြီးပါတယ်။ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကို နှိမ်ချပြောဆိုလေ့ရှိပြီး ဘာအထောက်အထားမှမရှိတဲ့ သုဝဏ္ဏဘူမိတို့ မွန်ယဉ်ကျေးမှုတို့ကို စိတ်ပါလက်ပါ ပြောလေ့ရှိပါတယ်။ အဲဒီလို မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်မှာ အရေးပါတဲ့ အဖွဲ့ဝင် တစ်ဦးကတော့ သမိုင်းသုတေသန ဦးစီးဌာနက အငြိမ်းစားယူသွားတဲ့ ဆရာဦးစံဝင်းပဲဖြစ်တယ်။ ဆရာဦးစံဝင်းဟာ အတွင်းရေးမှူး ဦးကျော်ဝင်းရဲ့ လက်ရင်းတပည့်တစ်ဦးဖြစ်ပြီး မွန်သမိုင်းကိုသာ အဓိက ရေးသားပြုစုသူဖြစ်ပြီး မွန်လူမျိုးစွဲစိတ် ကြီးမားသူ ဖြစ်ပါတယ်။ သုဝဏ္ဏဘူမိကို မွန်လို့ပြောဖို့ တူးဖေါ်သုတေသန လုပ်နေတာကြာပြီ ဖြစ်ပေမယ့် ခိုင်ခိုင်မာမာ ပြောနိုင်တာ ဘာတစ်ခုမှ မရှိသေးပါဘူး။ နောက်ထပ် အရေးပါသူ မြန်မာ့သမိုင်းကော်မရှင် အဖွဲ့ဝင်တစ်ဦးကတော့ ဆရာကြီးဦးသန်းလွင်ပါ။ ဆရာကြီးဟာ ဒဂုံတက္ကသိုလ် သမိုင်းပါမောက္ခက အငြိမ်းစားယူထားတာဖြစ်ပြီး ကိုလိုနီခေတ်နဲ့ လွတ်လပ်ရေးရပြီးခေတ် သမိုင်း ကျွမ်းကျင်သူပါ။ သို့သော် ဆရာကြီးဟာ GH Luce အပေါ် အလွန်လေးထားတဲ့ လုစ်ဂိုဏ်းဝင် တစ်ဦးဖြစ်ဟန်ရှိပြီး စာသင်ခန်းထဲ စဝင်တာနဲ့ လုစ်ရဲ့ အာဘော်ကိုသာ စတင်ပြောဆိုတာ ကြားခဲ့ရပါတယ်။ သူပြောပုံက ပျူခေတ် အေဒီ၄ရာစု ၉ရာစု၊ ပုဂံခေတ် အေဒီ၉ရာစု ၁၃ ရာစု ကျန်တာတွေ လာမပြောနဲ့ လက်မခံဘူး ဆိုတာက စတင်ပြောလေ့ရှိပါတယ်။ ပညာရပ်ဆိုတာ သုတေသန အသစ်တွေအရ အသိသစ်တွေ တိုးလာရင် လက်ခံရမှာ မဟုတ်ပါလား။ ရှေးသုက တူးဖေါ်မှုတွေအရ ပျူခေတ်ကို ဘီစီ၂ ရာစုက စတင်နေမယ့် ဆရာကြီးဦးသန်းလွင်ကတော့ အေဒီ၄ ကစနေတုန်းပါပဲ။ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံရဲ့ ကျောင်းသုံးသင်ရိုး ရေးဆွဲရေးကော်မတီကို ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ်က ဦးဆောင်လုပ်ပါတယ်။ သမိုင်းနဲ့ပတ်သက်တာတွေကို ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ်သမိုင်းဌာနက တာဝန်ယူတယ်လို့ သိရပါတယ်။ အခု လက်ရှိ ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် သမိုင်းဌာနမှူးဟာ ပြောင်းရွှေ့လာတာ နှစ်မကြာသေးပဲ ဒီသင်ရိုးတွေ ရေးဆွဲတုန်းက သူ မရှိလောက်သေးဘူး ထင်ပါတယ်။ သူ့ရှေ့က ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် သမိုင်းဌာနမှူးက ဆရာမကြီး မာဂရက်ဝေါင်းဖြစ်ပြီး တရုတ်အမျိုးသမီး ဖြစ်ပါတယ်။ သူ့ အမျိုးသားက သမိုင်းသုတေသန ဦးစီးဌာနက ညွန်ချုပ် အငြိမ်းစား ဆရာကြီးဒေါက်တာမြင့်သိန်းဖြစ်ပြီး ရခိုင်ဆရာကြီး ပါ။ ဆရာကြီးရော ဆရာမကြီးရော ကျနော့်ရဲ့ ဆရာတွေ ဖြစ်ခဲ့ဖူးပြီး သူတို့ စာသင်တဲ့ဘအတန်းတွေ လကချာလိုက်ခဲ့ဖူးပါတယ်။ ဆရာမကြီး ဒေါက်တာ မာဂရက်ဝေါင်းဟာ စာသင်ရင် တရုတ်ကောင်းကြောင်းပြောလေ့ရှိပြီး မြန်မာဘက်က မှတ်တမ်းတွေကို သိပ်ပြောလေ့ မရှိပါဘူး။ ညောင်ရမ်းခေတ် ပင်းတလဲမင်းလက်ထက် မြန်မာပြည်ကို အလွန်ဒုက္ခပေးသွားတဲ့ မန်ချူးပြေးမင်း တရုတ်ဘုရင် ယုံလီ မိသားစု မန်ချုးတွေ သတ်တာခံရတာ အလွန်ဝမ်းနည်းစရာ ဆိုတာမျိုး ပြောတတ်ပြီး ယုံလီရဲ့လူတွေ မြန်မာပြည်ကို ဖျက်ဆီးတဲ့အကြောင်းတော့ သိပ်ပြောလေ့ မရှိဘူး။ ဆရာကြီးဦးမြင့်သိန်းကတော့ ရခိုင်က မြောက်ဦးမြို့ကြီးရဲ့ အံ့မခန်းပုံတွေ ဆည်မြောင်း ကျုံးစနစ် ကောင်းလှပုံတွေ ပြောပါတယ်။ မြောက်ဦးမြို့ကြီးက ဒီလောက် ခံစစ် စနစ်ကောင်းလှတာ အိမ်ရှေ့ကိုယ်တော်ကြီး ရွှေတောင်မင်းသားရဲ့ တပ်တွေကို ဘာကြောင့်ရှုံးလဲဆိုတာ မေးချင်ပေမယ် မမေးရဲခဲ့ဘူး။ ကန့်လန့်တိုက်တယ်ဆို စာမေးပွဲချမှာ ကြောက်ရသေးတာကိုး။ သူ့ဇနီးက ဌာနမှူးလေ။ ဒီဆရာကြီးတွေထဲမှာ ဆရာကြီးဦးတိုးလှက ဧည့်ပါမောက္ခအဖြစ် လာဟောပြောတာ နာယူဖူးတယ်။ ဦးစံဝင်းကတော့ သင်ကြားရေးဖက်က မဟုတ်လို့ မသင်ရပါဘူး။ ကျန်တဲ့ဆရာကြီး ဆရာမကြီးတွေအတန်းကို တက်ခဲ့ရဖူးပါတယ်။ အရင်ကတော့ ရန်ကုန်တက္ကသိုလ် သမိုင်းဌာနမှူးဟာ သင်ရိုးရေးဆွဲရေးကော်မတီ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌ ဖြစ်လေ့ရှိပြီး အခုတော့ ဘယ်သူက ဥက္ကဋ္ဌလုပ်ရလဲ မသိပါဘူး။ ဆရာမကြီး ဒေါက်တာ မာဂရက်ဝေါင်းဟာ သင်ရိုးရေးဆွဲရေး ကော်မတီ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌဖြစ်ခဲ့ဖူးပြီး အခုလဲ အကြံပေးပညာရှင်အဖြစ် ပါဝင်ဆဲလို့ သိရပါတယ်။ ကျနော် အတန်းတက်ခဲ့ဖူးတဲ့ ဦးကျော်ဝင်းက သမိုင်းကော်မရှင် အတွင်းရေးမှူး၊ ဦးသန်းလွင်က သမိုင်းကော်မရှင်အဖွဲ့ဝင်၊ ဒေါ်မာဂရက်ဝေါင်းက သင်ရိုးရေးဆွဲရေး ကော်မတီ ဥက္ကဋ္ဌဟောင်း အကြံပေးပညာရှင်တွေ ဆိုပေမယ့် ကျနော်နဲ့ မရင်းနှီးပါဘူး။ ကျနော်နဲ့များ ရင်းနှီးရင် ဒီလို အထောက်အထားမဲ့တဲ့၊ ပညာရှင်တွေက သမိုင်းအမှား လုပ်ဇာတ်လို့ ဖေါ်ထုတ်ထားတဲ့၊ ကန့်ကွက်သူတွေများလှတဲ့ ဒီ သမိုင်းအမှားကြီးကို ဘာလို့သင်ရိုးထဲ ထည့်ရတာလဲ၊ ဘယ်သူ သင်ရိုးရေးပြီး ဘယ်သူအတည်ပြု ထည့်တာလဲဆိုတာ မေးမြန်းကြည့်ချင်လှပါတော့တယ်။ Sep 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading The Sacred Geography of Dawei: Buddhism in peninsular Myanmar (Burma) Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks for your contribution and sharing. For your information စွန် ပ ဒတ် is not jack fruit. Malay people call this fruit Cempedak. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artocarpus_integer It looks like or similar to Jack fruit but different. You try in Singapore. We have both Cempedak and jack fruit. Both fruits are tasty. Best regards. adam khan Oct 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Unexpected Spaces at the Shwedagon Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks and best regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (3)

Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks for your interest in ancient Burma. Regarding carnelian beads I must stress and argue even those in present Yunnan, ancient part of Maurian Empire , came from Taxila, present Pakistan. Please refer History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. edited by Sigfried J. de Laet, Joachim Herrmann https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=WGUz01yBumEC&pg=PA413&lpg=PA413&dq=Similarity+of+Burmese+Drums+and+Pakistanese+Drums&source=bl&ots=foHtFzAGza&sig=ACfU3U1iK0OMC2tQCczaO6SFuxOO8xH6fg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5hZjg4v3pAhVPeH0KHdqHDoQQ6AEwDXoECA8QAQ#v=onepage&q=Similarity%20of%20Burmese%20Drums%20and%20Pakistanese%20Drums&f=false For your easy reference I type some extract from it as follow. Quote {{{IMPORTED ARTEFACTS FROM CHINA, INDIA AND FURTHER WEST Between 300 BC and 300 AD the country of present Myanmar, endowed with a long coastline and numerous early ports, as well as the Irrawaddy and Salween rivers descending from present day Yunnan in southern China, received artistic influences from western and Central Asia, including India and China proper. The discovery of round striped beads, acid-etched agate and carnelion beads at ancient sites, such as Sriksetra near present Prome, Beikthano near present Taungdwingyi and Halin north of Mandalay, provides evidence of early contacts between ancient Myanmar and western and South Asia, in particular the province of Sindh and the Taxila area near Rawalpindi, in present Pakistan ( ancient Mahabarat ) and beyond to eastern Iran and even the Meditarranian. The analysis of the design on the round striped bead found at Mingmaw suggests association with Taxila, where a bead with the same decoration was found in the Bhir Mound, dated back to the third century BC. As mentioned earlier, these Taxila beads had also managed to reach the Indonesian and Philippine islands. At Sriksetra a wide variety of animal and bird beads were present, for example elephant, lion, tortoise, frog, falcon and a scarab. Artefacts of this types may be seen in the material used in the beads from Sriksetra and that in Taxila and Peshawar suggests that the beads originate workshop in that area. The tortoise beads at Taxila, which are identical with those reported from Sriksetra, are dated back to the first century BC. Such contact between Myanmar and Taxila is also mentioned in the legendary so-called Glass Palace Chronicle of Mandalay, where there is a passage according to which a certain king Bennda(ka) of Sriksetra, said to have reigned from AD 39 to 51 , would have gone to study in Taxila and ‘was deeply versed in medicine, charma and the Vedas’. Although this passage is probably based on Jataka literature, which attributes to some kings in Magadha (Bihar, India) similar contacts with taxila, there is just a possibility that there was a tradition of such relations between the Pyu of Sriksetra and far-away Taxila.}}}} pp413-4 refers. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan Jun 2020 Adam Khan Re: Carnelian beads in Burma and modern Yunnan. As I have made reservation for argument. Modern Yunnan received these through Burma and the source of Carnelian beads is India. Quote { Apart from the Indic beads arriving at Southeast Asian sites through maritime conduits, there is all likelihood that beads and other material from the Gangetic zone may have been moved through land routes in the Indian northeast into Myanmar and thence to Southeast Asia. Glass- and metal-based goods excavated from Iron Age graves in central Myanmar by a French archaeological mission indicate operation of exchange networks with the Gangetic Valley as early as the mid-first millennium bc (Dussubieux and Pryce 2016, 598–614). Etched white and black agate beads, similar to BDTP finds, have been excavated in 8th–5th centuries bc burial contexts near Mandalay in northern Myanmar (Glover and Bellina 2001, 205–206). These etched bead consignments, of likely Indic provenance, could have been moved further into southern China or taken south along the Irrawaddy River and through the Three Pagodas Pass into central Thailand (Figure 5, also Figure 7). The Iron Age site of BDTP, where Indic stone beads have been found in 4th-century bc contexts, lies not far from the Three Pagodas Pass. Carnelian barrel-shaped, tubular, and etched carnelian beads similar to Indian types have been recovered from the famous burial sites of Shizaishan (Yunnan, southern China) dating to the late centuries bc (Figures 7 and 8). I have discussed elsewhere the existence of a “Cowrie Trail,” a combination of sea and land routes connecting the Malabar–Maldives maritime area to the Bengal coast and thence onward to the Brahmaputra/Assam Valley, through the Indian northeast into Myanmar and southern China (Figures 9 and 10; Gupta 2006, 90–107). Historically, the indication of such a route comes from the passages of the Periplus Maris Erythraei (henceforth PME), the Greek sea guide of the first century ad, which informs of large quantities of malabathrum acquired from the tribes of “Thinae” (a place somewhere in the vicinity of the Indian northeast) and brought down to the Gangetic harbors on the Bay of Bengal and then shipped out to the Malabar coast for sale to western merchants. Archaeologically, the Cowrie Trail is indicated by the discovery of hundreds of Indian Ocean cowrie shells, together with Pacific Ocean cowries, in the famous decorated bronze containers at Shizaishan (Yunnan, southern China) dating to the late centuries bc (Pirazzoli-t’Serstevens 1990, 45–52). Interestingly, the best Indian Ocean cowries are found in sea beds off the Maldives Islands, in proximity of the great harbor of Muziris on the Malabar coast, from where the export of malabathrum was second only to pepper according to the PME (PME 63–65; Casson 1989). Imitation cowries of clay (dated to 1st century bc) have been found at the Han Period site on Jinsuo Island in the Er Hai Lake of western Yunnan, close to the border with Myanmar and in proximity of northeast India (Figure 11; Gupta 2006, 101–103). Apart from cowries, Indo-Pacific beads were sent deep into the Indian northeast through this trail. This is evident from the hundreds of Indo-Pacific beads (circular and tubular) excavated at the Early Historic site of Sekta in the Manipur Valley in the Indian northeast (Sharma 1994, 72–74). Sekta, which flourished between 200 bc and 600 ad, is located at a crucial crossroads of the traditional land routes penetrating into Myanmar and southern China (Sharma 1994; Gupta 2006, 90–107; Figure 9). The Indo-Pacific beads at Sekta are exactly the same as those produced at Arikamedu. https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935413.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199935413-e-46 } Unquote Thanks and best regards. adam khan Jul 2020 Adam Khan https://www.vifindia.org/sites/default/files/145639880-Ancient-Indian-Colonies-in-the-Far-East-1937.pdf Jul 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Traditional Design in an Ancient Village of Tanintharyi Nakhara Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks and best regards. adam Jul 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading MEN ON HORSES AND TEA-EATING: Pyu peoples Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks for your contributions. I will send my comments soon, later. For your information I have found evidences as follow. 1. Bennaka or Bendaka is Indian, not Chinese. 2. Modern Yunnan in the first Million AD was ruled by the Mauroyan kings , the descendants of Emperor Asoka. 3. There were no Mon's around Kyaukse earlier around the early first Million AD .The Mon's were living from Yamethin and down to lower Burma to Pagoh and Sathorn ( Tha-Hton) . The Bamar not come from Yunnan or Han China. Best regards. adam khan Jul 2020 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, Refer the follow link on google and you would know how PRC China, PRC Chinese and Chinese around the world are so interested in Burmese History because they want to claim Bamar is Chinese. But then, based on archaeology and anthropology, Bamar could be forefathers of Han Chinese not other way around. Thanks and best regards. adam khan Jul 2020 Adam Khan https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=true Aug 2020 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, We must not ignore the basic Chinese custom which is they use their own language and writing system since very, very early state of Chinese civilization. If the Bamar came from China, they should have used Chinese writing system not Brahmi. Therefore you are wrong to interpret the artifacts and wrote that Bamar race came from modern Yunnan, China. In actual fact modern Yunnan was ruled by the Mauriyan Dynastics Sawbwas or governors. Now the modern Yunnan might be populated by the han Chinese due to Communist Leader Mao's cultural revolution, the ancient past reveals otherwise. Dr Upinder Singh has mentioned in her work "A History of Ancient and early Medieval" as below Quote {{{The modern north Indian scripts gradually emerged out of Siddhamatrika Nagari or Devannagari was standardized by about 1000 CE and an eastern script (known as proto-Bengali or Gaudi ) took shape between the 10th and 14th centuries. From here, it was a short step to the emergence of the Bengali, Assamese, Oriya, and Maithili scripts in the 14th-15th centuries. This is also the time when the Sharada script emerged in Kashmir and adjoining areas.}}} unquote. https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y&fbclid=IwAR1jAzF_E3dWj6pc8aGjvVWuH_lOmhyLxQsRiHKGocVZI7F6tCiDIGCFJPk#v=onepage&q&f=true You certainly know that Burmese and all neighbouring smaller Southeast Asian, mainland and maritime , countries was Indians never ever Chinese. Trust that you would not invent new hypothesis. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan Meng Au (a) Raja Saraka Aug 2020 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth Moore, In addition, the Chinese use papers for writings and we Indians and Bumar's use palm leaves to write. I am a Muslim but maintain our Burman tradition of making 'Zata' which is about the birth and related astrological matters on the Palm leaves. Why Bamar's do not use paper and Chinese scripts of characters to write ? Bamar, Khemar, Siam's, Malay, Indonesians, Malays in the Philippines and Vietnam are of Indian origin not the Chinese. Thus far your proposal is not acceptable. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan Meng Au (a) Raja Saraka Aug 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading MEN ON HORSES AND TEA-EATING: Pyu peoples Dear Elizabeth, Congratulations! You are now adding Burmese text into your work. I would encourage you to continue and master my native Burmese language. The alphabets are called Brahmi. Since there is Tamil Brahmi which is about 95% same in the writing and grammar system and vowels such as a, ar , ai, aii, u, uu, e , e' Our Southeast Asian ( mainland and maritime SEA languages) are driven from Indian ( Hindustan ) languages, talugu , Malayalee , Oriya and Sri lankan , Khmer , Viet Cham ( Viet Sam ) and Yodaya (Siam ) scripts are 90 to 95% same. Please do not write that Bamar came from China. ordinary Burmese ( the entire 135 ethnic races ) do not like expansionist Chinese. Now your reputation is at the stake. Kindly stop . Our forefathers did not come from China and we have no blood relationship with Han Chinese and Tai Chinese . Best regards. Adam Khan ( a ) Raja Saraka

Critical feedback sent to Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (2)

Dear Elizabeth, FYI. http://ibnurusydi.blogspot.com/2011/06/champa-negara-melayu-yang-hilang-dari_11.html Champa : Negara Melayu Yang Hilang Dari Peta Dunia Malayu Champa Negara and Burmese ( Myanmar ) Sampanagara have the same meaning and should translate to English Language as "The Country of Champa or Siam or Sam or Shan: or The Kingdom of Champ or Sam or Siam or Shan " Thanks and best regards. adam, **** 8888 **** Dear Elizabeth, FYI .We Shan's in Burma, Siam ( White Chinese changed it to Thailand in 1930's ) and wherever the Sam's live are just Sam's whose language is Sanskrit. We are not Tai's or Thai's. Sukhothai is actually fabricated by the Chinese. It was not the entire Siam Kingdom but a small city state called Sakumdya or Sakumtala or Sakkumthala and an Indian not Chinese Tai or Thai. https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=fj8l8v_yP5oC&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=siam+and+Cham,+and+Champa+in+India&source=bl&ots=7ohfMpar1S&sig=G7pChfobR16UjZclmb_llAA1z_0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jH_uUs6WBcG4rAeYo4CwBA&ved=0CE4Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=siam%20and%20Cham%2C%20and%20Champa%20in%20India&f=true Please refer the above link for Cham or Sam or Sampa Civilization in Central Vietnam. Thanks and best regards. adam **** 8888 **** Dear Elizabeth, I have reservation for the word in Burmese , "Sampanegara" . The meaning of Sampanega or Sampanegara is The Country of Sampa or Champa or Cham people. The following is extract from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preah_Khan Particularly I would highlight that Nagara Jayasri (holy city of victory). Nagara ( Spell also Negara ) means City , probably refer to City State like Singapura ( Lion City ) and Negari Sembalan ( the 9th State in Malaysia) Jayastri = Jaya = Jayam means victory in Sanskrit. Burmese language is heavily influenced by Sanskrit, Pali and Hindhi. May also have little influence of Bengali Language. Without thorough understanding and knowledge of these language , their writing and pronounciation, we would not be able to translate the words and phrases correctly. (((((Preah Khan was built on the site of Jayavarman VII's victory over the invading Chams in 1191. Unusually the modern name, meaning "holy sword", is derived from the meaning of the original—Nagara Jayasri (holy city of victory).[1] The site may previously have been occupied by the royal palaces of Yasovarman II and Tribhuvanadityavarman.[2] The temple's foundation stela has provided considerable information about the history and administration of the site: the main image, of the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara in the form of the king's father, was dedicated in 1191 (the king's mother had earlier been commemorated in the same way at Ta Prohm). 430 other deities also had shrines on the site, each of which received an allotment of food, clothing, perfume and even mosquito nets;[3] the wealth and treasure of this ruin includes gold, silver, gems, 112,300 pearls and a cow with gilded horns.[4] The institution combined the roles of city, temple and Buddhist university: there were 97,840 attendants and servants, including 1000 dancers[5] and 1000 teachers.[6] ))))) Thanks and best regards. adam Feb 2020 Adam Khan Dear Elizabeth, Re: Sampanagar or Sampanagara , I would like to substantiate my argument that Sampanagar is not City of Serpent but Country of Sam ( Sams= Siam = Shan = Asam = Cham people ) Please refer also the following map which shows Kusinagar ( Kusinnagara ) and Sankassa. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushinagar I would provide proof that Sankassa is actually Tagaung in Modern Burma . Sakyan Prince Abhir Raja ( Burmese Abi -yazar ) founded Tagaung and named it Sankassa ( in Burmese Sankissa) Nagara = Country, province and also City State Thanks and best regards. adam Feb 2020 Adam Khan https://www.reddit.com/r/Buddhism/duplicates/cpcied/places_visited_by_gautam_buddh/ Feb 2020 Adam Khan http://www.csavaranasi.com/p/buddhist-sites.html May 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Bronze and Iron Age sites in Upper Myanmar: Chindwin, Samon and Pyu 'The people moved about in quest of a place, 'where water is clear and grass tender' (DÖ XQIÖP MUXI(NÖP") 1 Dear Elizabeth, Thanks and best regards. adam Jun 2020 Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Nyaung-gan: A Preliminary Note on a Bronze Age Cemetery near Mandalay, Myanmar (Burma) Dear Elizabeth, Thank you so much. I appreciate. Warmest regards. adam

Critical feedback sent to Prof. Dr Elizabeth Howard Moore (1)

Adam Khan left a reason for downloading Beikthano(2009-10)(Myanmar).pdf Dear Elizabeth, When we were young, the school taught us Tha-Yay-Khit_ta-Yar and Beikthano in Burmese history. When we grow up we found ourselves learning history ourselves and found out as Tha-Yay=Khit-ta-yar = Sri Ksetra and Beikthano = Vishnu. I hope all researchers would use the right names rightfully. Thanks and best regards. adam **** 8888 **** Dear Elizabeth, We must stress that the source of Gold in Burma which is the origin of the gold flakes brought over to Suvanabuhmi ( Sathone in Mon and Siam language ) by the River Chittang ( modern Sittaung River) and left abundant on the sea shore long beaches. When Buddha was traveling from by boat through passages from Ginga, Yamuna and etc and bay of Bbengal towards Tavoy ( according to Ingutara Nikaya he saw the shining beaches around modern Sathone or Thathone ) so that he called it Suvannabhumi) The Source of The Gold, Suvarna(Skt.) or Sonna(Hindi) Thaton was called Suvarnabhumi for the reasons it deserved. In ancient time the boat sailed from Bengaldesa to Ramannadesa, and at the time of approaching the Sudhammapura (modern Thaton), the shore line and beach around the city was shining under the sun. It happened due to gold dusts and flakes deposited on the beach. These gold dusts and flakes are carried along with the water current (flow) of River Chittang (Sanskrit name of Chittaung River =စစ္ ‌ေ တာင္း ျမစ္). Where is the actual source of these gold dusts and flakes? There is a smaller river or stream called Paung Laung which is tributary to Chittang river rises up at small hamlet in the middle Burma (Brahmadesa). The ancient Mon town is called Yamethin ,the native place of this author. The ethononym of the Mon people in olden days were different from present name Mon, written Man (မန္). In the pre-Angkor Khmer inscriptions, the Mons were called RAMAN (ရမည္), RMMAN AND RAMANYA (ရမည ) IN THE 6TH-7TH CENTURIES ad. In 1021 AD, the Javanese named them as RMEN(ရမန္ ) and REMEN . The great Myanmar king Kyansittha referred them as RMEN (ရမန္) in his Palace Mon inscriptions at Pagan inscribed on huge stomnes in the 11th century A.D., when Myanmars were known as MIRMA (မရမၼာ). {Dr Nai Pan Hla} The place of the upstream of the river Paung Laung is situated at the eastern hilly village near Pyinpya and Myinner(This place was the resting camp for Burmese Royal Calvary Troops) about the Shwe Myin Tin Hill top pagoda. There are also two Mon pagodas built and worshipped by the niece and nephew of Mon King Manuhar or Suryakumara. We knew since last over forty years ago that there were gold which we could exploit. Young and adventurous men from my home town went to rush gold by digging, seeping and washing. The places are infested by severန malaria. Some people went there came back with malaria infection and some of them died or went crazy as malaria virus gone into their brains. Then it was not popularly known and also due to malaria not so many gold miners explore their luck to get quick rich. News that the area is actually the source of gold. Following the news both local and remote people, individuals and corporate consortiums rush in exploiting gold mine with terrible greed which cause a lot of social and political problems in Burma. See the following reports. Xinhua News, Yamethin is good prospect for gold mining https://www.dvb.no/news/five-gold-mine-protestors-to-be-charged-with-sedition-burma-myanmar/35630 Thanks and best regards. Adam

Critical feedback sent to Bob Hudson (3.1)

Dear John Miksic , Bob Hudson and Elizabeth Moore, Chinese coins of 10th and 11th century Song Dynasty ( Nothern Song) found in Englind, So Chinese were living in England and came claim ownership of the land partially. Refer the following. Quote {As Mark Bridge writes for the Sunday Times, the Northern Song Dynasty coin was discovered with a metal detector in a field in Hampshire, England. Dated to between 1008 and 1016 A.D., the 0.98-inch copper-alloy coin was the second medieval Chinese coin found in England; the first was found across the country in 2018 in Cheshire, per the Independent’s Jon Sharman. Other Chinese currency excavated in England dates to later periods }Unquote https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/medieval-chinese-coin-found-england-suggests-vast-medieval-trade-route-180976675/ If this is not the case do not propose and promote Chinese co-ownership of Singapura which not Chinese, not Arabians, not Malays but Indian Land (the land belongs to our ancestors). Also refer John Crawfurd's notes. Quote { Journal of an embassy from the governor-general of India to the courts of Siam and Cochin China; exhibiting a view of the actual state of those kingdoms Item Preview 72 EMBASSY TO SIAM the north declivity of the hill, nearly of the same size, is said to have been the burying-place of Iskandar Shah, King of Singapore. This is the prince whom tradition describes as having been driven from his throne by the Javanese, in the year 1252 of the Christian era, and who died at Malacca, not converted to the Mohammedan religion, in IS?^ ; so that the story is probably apocryphal. Over the supposed tomb of Iskandar, a rude structure has been raised, since the formation of the new settlement, to which Mohammedans, Hindus, and Chinese, equally resort to do homage. It is remarkable, that many of the fruit-trees cultivated by the ancient inhabitants of Singapore are still existing, on the east- em side of the hill, after a supposed lapse of near six hundred years. Here we find the durian, the rambutan, the duku, the shaddock, and other fruit-trees of great size ; and all so degenerated, except the two first, that the fruit is scarcely to be recognized. Among the ruins are found various descriptions of pottery, some of which is Chinese, and some native. Fragments of this are in great abundance. In the same situation have been found Chinese brass coins of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The earliest is of the Emperor of Ching chung, of the dynasty of Sung- chao, who died in the year 967. Another is of the reign of Jin-chung, of the same dynasty^ }Unquote Thank you. Best regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Bob Hudson (3)

To, John Miksic , CC: Bob Hudson and Elizabeth Moore, Dear John, You should be familiar with the terms such as navy, naval, nava ( နာ ဝါ ) which are related to ships and shipping, ship building and etc. History of the Indian Navy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_Navy I have posted since last five years back on my blog. Quote {အာရိသသွ်တၱရ တြင္လာရိွသည္မွာ၊ ေမာရိယတိုင္းျပည္ႀကီးတြင္ နာဝါဒီယတ္စရွာ (ဆာ) {=Nawadhyaksha} ကို ေရေႀကာင္းညႊန္ႀကားမႈဦးစီးဌာန (Shipping department) ကို ဦးစီးရန္တာဝန္အပ္ႏွင္းခဲ့၏။ သေဘၤာသားမ်ားကို၊ ေရေႀကာင္းသိပ္ပံ ပညာရပ္မ်ား ႏွင့္ သင့္ေလွ်ာ္ေသာ သင္တန္းမ်ား ေပးရန္ ျပင္ဆင္မႈမ်ား ကို ဤ ဌာနက ျပဳလုပ္ခဲ့၏။ ထိုပညာရပ္မ်ား၊ ကို “ နိယာမ က ရီွးလ္ပါ= Niyamakashilpa” ဟုေခၚခဲ့ႀက၏။ အဂၤလိပ္ေဝါဟာရ ship=သေဘၤာ မွာ ဤ ပါဠိေဝါဟာရ shilpa မွ ဘာသာစကားေရႊ ့ေလ်ာလာမႈ (transliteration) ျဖစ္ခဲ့သည္ဟု ယူဆနိုင္ေပသည္} Unquote In Burmese Union ( ပြည် ထောင်စု ) Font as follow. အာရိသသျှတ္တရ တွင်လာရှိသည်မှာ၊ မောရိယတိုင်းပြည်ကြီးတွင် နာဝါဒီယတ်စရှာ (ဆာ) {=Nawadhyaksha} ကို ရေကြောင်းညွှန်ကြားမှုဦးစီးဌာန (Shipping department) ကို ဦးစီးရန်တာဝန်အပ်နှင်းခဲ့၏။ သင်္ဘောသားများကို၊ ရေကြောင်းသိပ်ပံ ပညာရပ်များ နှင့် သင့်လျှော်သော သင်တန်းများ ပေးရန် ပြင်ဆင်မှုများ ကို ဤ ဌာနက ပြုလုပ်ခဲ့၏။ ထိုပညာရပ်များ၊ ကို “ နိယာမ က ရှီးလ်ပါ= Niyamakashilpa” ဟုခေါ်ခဲ့ကြ၏။ အင်္ဂလိပ်ဝေါဟာရ ship=သင်္ဘော မှာ ဤ ပါဠိဝေါဟာရ shilpa မှ ဘာသာစကားရွှေ့လျောလာမှု (transliteration) ဖြစ်ခဲ့သည်ဟု ယူဆနိုင်ပေသည်။ http://wunzinminraja.blogspot.com/2014/10/champa-nagar-champa.html Thus far during Song Dynasty in 10th to 11th Century, the Chinese were still unable to sail at open sea and oceans. The Indians reach China by Naval Ship and Merchant Navy in this era. The English and westerners borrow our Indian word, Cina ( Qina ) and call these people "Chinese" We, Indians , are leaders in almost every field and you, westerners, are followers. So Singapura was/ is an Indian City and Parameswaran was an Indian not Malay, not Arabian, not Persian. Thank you. Best regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Bob Hudson (2)

Dear Bob Hudson and Elizabeth Howard Moore, Re: Carnelian beads in Burma and modern Yunnan. As I have made reservation for argument. Modern Yunnan received these through Burma and the source of Carnelian beads is India. Quote { Apart from the Indic beads arriving at Southeast Asian sites through maritime conduits, there is all likelihood that beads and other material from the Gangetic zone may have been moved through land routes in the Indian northeast into Myanmar and thence to Southeast Asia. Glass- and metal-based goods excavated from Iron Age graves in central Myanmar by a French archaeological mission indicate operation of exchange networks with the Gangetic Valley as early as the mid-first millennium bc (Dussubieux and Pryce 2016, 598–614). Etched white and black agate beads, similar to BDTP finds, have been excavated in 8th–5th centuries bc burial contexts near Mandalay in northern Myanmar (Glover and Bellina 2001, 205–206). These etched bead consignments, of likely Indic provenance, could have been moved further into southern China or taken south along the Irrawaddy River and through the Three Pagodas Pass into central Thailand (Figure 5, also Figure 7). The Iron Age site of BDTP, where Indic stone beads have been found in 4th-century bc contexts, lies not far from the Three Pagodas Pass. Carnelian barrel-shaped, tubular, and etched carnelian beads similar to Indian types have been recovered from the famous burial sites of Shizaishan (Yunnan, southern China) dating to the late centuries bc (Figures 7 and 8). I have discussed elsewhere the existence of a “Cowrie Trail,” a combination of sea and land routes connecting the Malabar–Maldives maritime area to the Bengal coast and thence onward to the Brahmaputra/Assam Valley, through the Indian northeast into Myanmar and southern China (Figures 9 and 10; Gupta 2006, 90–107). Historically, the indication of such a route comes from the passages of the Periplus Maris Erythraei (henceforth PME), the Greek sea guide of the first century ad, which informs of large quantities of malabathrum acquired from the tribes of “Thinae” (a place somewhere in the vicinity of the Indian northeast) and brought down to the Gangetic harbors on the Bay of Bengal and then shipped out to the Malabar coast for sale to western merchants. Archaeologically, the Cowrie Trail is indicated by the discovery of hundreds of Indian Ocean cowrie shells, together with Pacific Ocean cowries, in the famous decorated bronze containers at Shizaishan (Yunnan, southern China) dating to the late centuries bc (Pirazzoli-t’Serstevens 1990, 45–52). Interestingly, the best Indian Ocean cowries are found in sea beds off the Maldives Islands, in proximity of the great harbor of Muziris on the Malabar coast, from where the export of malabathrum was second only to pepper according to the PME (PME 63–65; Casson 1989). Imitation cowries of clay (dated to 1st century bc) have been found at the Han Period site on Jinsuo Island in the Er Hai Lake of western Yunnan, close to the border with Myanmar and in proximity of northeast India (Figure 11; Gupta 2006, 101–103). Apart from cowries, Indo-Pacific beads were sent deep into the Indian northeast through this trail. This is evident from the hundreds of Indo-Pacific beads (circular and tubular) excavated at the Early Historic site of Sekta in the Manipur Valley in the Indian northeast (Sharma 1994, 72–74). Sekta, which flourished between 200 bc and 600 ad, is located at a crucial crossroads of the traditional land routes penetrating into Myanmar and southern China (Sharma 1994; Gupta 2006, 90–107; Figure 9). The Indo-Pacific beads at Sekta are exactly the same as those produced at Arikamedu. https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935413.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199935413-e-46 } Unquote Thanks and best regards. adam khan

Critical feedback sent to Bob Hudson and Elizabnerth Moore (1)

Dear Bob Hudson, My message to Elizabeth Moore for your inforantion. Dear Elizabeth Moore, Thanks for your interest in ancient Burma. Regarding carnelian beads I must stress and argue even those in present Yunnan, ancient part of Maurian Empire , came from Taxila, present Pakistan. Please refer History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. edited by Sigfried J. de Laet, Joachim Herrmann https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=WGUz01yBumEC&pg=PA413&lpg=PA413&dq=Similarity+of+Burmese+Drums+and+Pakistanese+Drums&source=bl&ots=foHtFzAGza&sig=ACfU3U1iK0OMC2tQCczaO6SFuxOO8xH6fg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj5hZjg4v3pAhVPeH0KHdqHDoQQ6AEwDXoECA8QAQ#v=onepage&q=Similarity%20of%20Burmese%20Drums%20and%20Pakistanese%20Drums&f=false For your easy reference I type some extract from it as follow. Quote {{{IMPORTED ARTEFACTS FROM CHINA, INDIA AND FURTHER WEST Between 300 BC and 300 AD the country of present Myanmar, endowed with a long coastline and numerous early ports, as well as the Irrawaddy and Salween rivers descending from present day Yunnan in southern China, received artistic influences from western and Central Asia, including India and China proper. The discovery of round striped beads, acid-etched agate and carnelion beads at ancient sites, such as Sriksetra near present Prome, Beikthano near present Taungdwingyi and Halin north of Mandalay, provides evidence of early contacts between ancient Myanmar and western and South Asia, in particular the province of Sindh and the Taxila area near Rawalpindi, in present Pakistan ( ancient Mahabarat ) and beyond to eastern Iran and even the Meditarranian. The analysis of the design on the round striped bead found at Mingmaw suggests association with Taxila, where a bead with the same decoration was found in the Bhir Mound, dated back to the third century BC. As mentioned earlier, these Taxila beads had also managed to reach the Indonesian and Philippine islands. At Sriksetra a wide variety of animal and bird beads were present, for example elephant, lion, tortoise, frog, falcon and a scarab. Artefacts of this types may be seen in the material used in the beads from Sriksetra and that in Taxila and Peshawar suggests that the beads originate workshop in that area. The tortoise beads at Taxila, which are identical with those reported from Sriksetra, are dated back to the first century BC. Such contact between Myanmar and Taxila is also mentioned in the legendary so-called Glass Palace Chronicle of Mandalay, where there is a passage according to which a certain king Bennda(ka) of Sriksetra, said to have reigned from AD 39 to 51 , would have gone to study in Taxila and ‘was deeply versed in medicine, charma and the Vedas’. Although this passage is probably based on Jataka literature, which attributes to some kings in Magadha (Bihar, India) similar contacts with taxila, there is just a possibility that there was a tradition of such relations between the Pyu of Sriksetra and far-away Taxila.}}}} pp413-4 refers. Thanks and best regards. Adam Khan

Critical feedback sent to John Miksic (3)

Dear John Miksic, I do not quite agree with your claims. I have reservation to argue. In the mean while I would give you the following for your perusal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Indian_influence_on_Southeast_Asia I will send you more. One thing for certain that entire maritime and mainland Southeast Asia is INDIANS NO OTHERS. Thank you. Best regards. adam khan Dear John Miksic, You may refer the following and make correction if you wish to have your work proper and have dignity. Long , long, long before the Raffles came to this part of the world as cabin boy, Singapore has been busy sea port, not a fishing village. Singapore Main article: Early history of Singapore See also: Timeline of Singaporean history and Kingdom of Singapura An artist's impression of Parameswara, who ruled Singapore in the 1390s. The Greco-Roman astronomer Ptolemy (90–168) identified a place called Sabana at the tip of Golden Chersonese (believed to be the Malay Peninsula) in the second and third century.[47] The earliest written record of Singapore may be in a Chinese account from the third century, describing the island of Pu Luo Chung (蒲 羅 中). This is thought to be a transcription from the Malay name "Pulau Ujong", or "island at the end" (of the Malay Peninsula).[48] In 1025 CE, Rajendra Chola I of the Chola Empire led forces across the Indian Ocean and invaded the Srivijayan empire, attacking several places in Malaysia and Indonesia.[49][50] The Chola forces were said to have controlled Temasek (now Singapore) for a couple of decades.[51] The name Temasek however did not appear in Chola records, but a tale involving a Raja Chulan (assumed to be Rajendra Chola) and Temasek was mentioned in the semi-historical Malay Annals.[52] The Nagarakretagama, a Javanese epic poem written in 1365, referred to a settlement on the island called Tumasik (possibly meaning "Sea Town" or "Sea Port").[53] Thank you. Best regards. adam khan **** 8888 **** Dear John Miksic, FYI .In the following paragraph, this statement (one of the words for "throne" in the Malay language is "singgasana", meaning "lion's seat" in Sanskrit), must be corrected. The 'throne" is called "Sihasana" not Singgasana. Now a day in Burma and Sri Lanka still call the '"throne", Siha-sana", where Siha means Lion. But then why Singapore is called Lion City and Singapura. There was a city called Singapura in Punjab.The Indians from Punjab and northwest part on Hindustan came to Singapore by stopping over Celon ( Sri Lanka ) and also travelled to Siam and settled there since last 4000 years ago. Sometime in its history, the name of Temasek was changed to Singapura. The Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals) contains a tale of a prince of Srivijaya, Sri Tri Buana (also known as Sang Nila Utama), who landed on Temasek after surviving a storm in the 13th century. According to the tale, the prince saw a strange creature, which he was told was a lion; believing this to be an auspicious sign, he decided to found a settlement called Singapura, which means "Lion City" in Sanskrit. It is unlikely there ever were lions in Singapore, though tigers continued to roam the island until the early 20th century. However, the lion motif is common in Hindu mythology, which was dominant in the region during that period (one of the words for "throne" in the Malay language is "singgasana", meaning "lion's seat" in Sanskrit), and it has been speculated that the "Singapura" name, and the tale of the lion, were invented by court historians of the Malacca Sultanate to glorify Sang Nila Utama and his line of descent.[61] Aug 2020 Adam Khan Dear John Miksic, When we solely rely on an source like the notes of Jon Crawfurd, The Embassy of Siam and Cochin China and etc. I am aware that some scholars and writing in favour of some people to rewrite Singapore History, the Island owned by the Malay to claim co-ownership. When a particular race who migrated to a land owned by the indigenous race, in this case the Malay, dominate as they say they are majority race on the land belongs to other to claim co-ownership. Please reefer the following statement made by original Siam man, Anthropologist Srisakra Vallibhotama, ( to read as Sham not Si-yam) which was looted by the migrant Phibun Songkarang. Anthropologist Srisakra Vallibhotama has the answer. “First, forget the textbook history focusing on kingdoms. More precisely, stop believing Sukhothai was the Thai nation’s first kingdom,” asserts Ajarn Srisakra, one of the country’s most prominent and outspoken scholars. According to textbook history, an influx of ethnic Thais from Yunnan in southern China migrated into upper Siam, ousted the Khmer rulers, founded Sukhothai and spread their new power far and wide. Sukhothai became the first Thai kingdom in the 13th century, followed by the kingdoms of Ayutthaya, Thonburi and Rattanakosin. https://www.southeastasianarchaeology.com/2019/10/03/opening-minds-with-an-ancient-mandala/# Should we as researchers and scholars support this kind of looting? How should we prevent this type of international crimes? Do n't you feel communist threat at the South and East China Sea , Bay of Bengal and Tibet? Thank you.