Tuesday, August 3, 2021

B

 Bama Asa bamour ( Bamaw ) Ka.


Messages sent to Bob Hudson 


Dear Bob Hudson,

Refer to your doctoral, PhD, Thesis (2004) page 24 , subtitle "Tagaung" I would argue as follow.

You wrote {After 33 kings had reigned, the Tagaung kingdom
collapsed due to incursions by the kingdom of Gandhara, in what is now Yunnan.}

Actually Gandhara is not modern Yunnan but Tibet.

Modern Yunnan was referred to as Panthay Pyi ( Pathir Country) . Refer Hmanan page 172 ( Three in One edition published by Sar-Thu-Gyi Sar Oat-tite ) in January 2008,

If you are Burmese Language Literate kindly refer page 172 Second column the first to 12th line.

The first and second line mentioned that Panthir or Pan-thay country is situated in the east of Pagan Kingdom.

The 11th 12th lines mentioned that Gandara or Ganda-la-rity or Gandara-raj ( the Kingdom of Gandara ) was situated in the North , Tibet now PRC occupied Tibet Autonomous region.

Generally I find your Thesis is very valuable and essence for the Burmese History.

Thank you very much.

Best regards.

adam khan

Dear Bob Hudson,

I found D G E Hall was very nice.

He can create what he wanted to believe what he wrote without any references and citation as below.

The Pyu were the earliest inhabitants of Burma of whom
records are extant. Inscriptions in their language using a South
Indian script have been found as far north as Halingyi in
Shwebo district, but mostly at old Prome. They show a
Vikrama dynasty ruling there at least from 673 to 718, which is
thought to have inaugurated the Burmese Era beginning in
March A.D. 638. There is mention of another dynasty with an
Indian name, the Varman line, ruling over a neighbouring and
rival city, but Old Prome is the only Pyu site so‘ far to be
excavated in that area. Outside its walls are three stupas of
archaic type, of which the Bawbawgyi, a cylinder of plastered
brick 150 feet high, with a hollow shaft in the centre,
crowned with a flattened cone, is the best-preserved. Of
particular interest are the small vaulted chapels, of brick
and arched in the style of the Pagan temples of which they
are prototypes.

I would not buy his stories. May be good to read but hard to believe.

That is why I mentioned that G H Luce, Pe Maung Tin, Thaw Kaung, Col Ba Shin, Khin Maung Nyunt, Than Tun and most of the British Servants can not be trusted.

Now some of the 21st Century scholars are following them to lobby Bama came from NanZhao or modern Yunnan.

Who can convince me ?

I can differentiate who are biased and who are not.

Thank you .

Best regards.

adam khan


Jul 3
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson,

In the following paragraph," Tircul" stands for " Ta-ri-cu-la " Trident inm Indianm Language


Chapter 1 will critically review the mythological and chronicle history, the framework within
which Burmese archaeologists and historians work, as well as the western histories, and summarise
and analyse the “received” history up to the Bagan period. In these narratives, an emphasis can be
detected among indigenous scholars on finding archaeological support for traditions of a Buddhist
presence in Burma that, according to folklore, goes back to the lifetime of the Buddha. The
western historians generally agree that Myanmar was home by the beginning of the first
millennium of the Christian era to disparate ethnic/territorial groups. Under the influence of Indian
culture, including literacy and religion, settlements developed in the central zone, enclosed by
brick walls and populated by iron-using agriculturalists known today (via Chinese references) as
the Pyu, but who probably called themselves Tircul. According to Chinese sources the Pyu
declined after they were attacked by Nanchao, in what is now the Chinese province of Yunnan, in
the early 9th century AD. As G. H. Luce saw it, their fellow Tibeto-Burman speakers, the Burmans,
then migrated westward from their agricultural base in the Kyaukse area to establish Bagan (Luce
1959a, 1959b, 1985). This explanation is not convincingly supported by the archaeological
evidence.

Pru or Ta-ri-cu-la is not the name of the race but Saka or Sakyan or Thet is.

I disagree with Luce who said Bama Asa Kyaukse Ka.

Thanks and best regards.

adam khan
Jul 3
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson,


This is Trisula = Tircul of Siam .


Intertwined divine weapons, the Chakra and the Trisula.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblem_of_Thailand

Thanks and best regards.

adam khan
Jul 3
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson,

I must stress that what you mean Chinese source basically is Chen Yi Sein and need to analyze very carefully.

There is no Tai or Thai ..They are Bai and Yi.

Bai and Yi in modern Yunnan which was called,"NanZhao" by Tang and Han ;
was very weak not strong enough to defense themselves .

We do not trust Luce because he entirely dependent on Chen Yi Sein who was Chinese.

Thanks and best regards.

adam khan
Jul 3
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob,

Thank you for your statement below. .

Quote {According to Chinese sources the Pyu
declined after they were attacked by Nanchao, in what is now the Chinese province of Yunnan, in
the early 9th century AD. As G. H. Luce saw it, their fellow Tibeto-Burman speakers, the Burmans,
then migrated westward from their agricultural base in the Kyaukse area to establish Bagan (Luce
1959a, 1959b, 1985). This explanation is not convincingly supported by the archaeological
evidence. Hudson 2004 p19} Unquote.

Pe Maung Tin, an ethnic Chinese and his brother-in-Law G H Luce were promoting Nanzhao ( Nan-Kyouk) Chinese migration theory which we considered rubbish.

Thanks and best regards.

adam khan
Jul 3
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dougald J. W. O’Reilly mentioned, ‘”pagan, with the hundreds of crumbling bricks stupasscatter over the landscape, among the most famous cultural sites of Southeast Asia. Less well known are the Great Cities of Pyu, or Tircul as they likely called themselves. (Reference: “Early Civilizations of Southeast Asia By Dougald J. W. O'Reilly”). The cities mentioned here are certainly Vishnu and Sri keshtra of ancient Pyu or Pru Kingdoms of modern Burma.
The name of Irrawaddy certainly came from the ancient Indian people called Tritsu of the Sindu Valley (Modern Puanjab) and the original name was Iravati or Purushani or Parushani.
{Author’s special note to Maung Sein Win –Pa-dee-gone, Joo and Or-pee-kyel, please explore more in Burma for educational and national purposes.}
It is also verified by Donald Alexander Mackenzie in his famous Book “Indian Myth and Legend” as below.
The Bharatas, and their priestly aristocracy of Tritsus,(probably Taw Seng Ko referred them as Tirtcul) the Vasisthas, appear to have joined the Kuru-Panchala confederacy about the time that the Brahmanas were being composed, and these were probably influenced by the ritualistic practices of the Vaisishthas. There are references of Agni of the Bharatas, and a goddess Bharati is mentioned in connection with the Saraswati river.
http://wunzinminraja.blogspot.com/2015/04/reconstruction-of-burma-golden-land.html
28 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson<

Your doctoral thesis (Hudson 2004) is the best among all the research works done on Burmese hiosdtory.

But I do not agree with you a certain points you repeat G H Luce & Pe Maung Tin and also Michae;l Aung Thwin particularly the claim of Bama came from modern Yunnan and Nanzhao was powerful

Burmese were only power in the region and Han was also very, very defeated several times when Han attack Burma.

Even now if Xi dare to declare war against Burma, he will see consequences.

https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29116/1/10731211.pdf


28 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
The third feature that is of importance in Burma’s
relation with China, is that alone among the countries of
the East, large Chinese communities have not remained
distinct entities in Burma. One needs only to examine
and compare the position of the Chinese communities in
Malaya and Thailand, with that of the Chinese in Burma
to realize this fact. Possibly it is due to the ease
with which Burmese women of good class and families marry
Chinese, and of course the ease with which they, and
their offspring are accepted by Burmese society; SinoBurmese in the third generation do not generally speak
Chinese. There is no large scale sending of remittances
home to Chinese as elsewhere in Asia. These factors
have some significance in view of the Communist triumph
In Ohina today.(Maung Kyaw Thet 1950 )

26 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Husdson,

Please stop lobbying the idea of Bama tribe came down from modern Yunnan.

Your comparison Carnelian tiger bead ( P109 refers)

Firstly all the technology and design of Carnelian bead came from Purushapura (modern Peshawar, Pakistan, formerly Mahabarat).

Secondly the Samon Carnelian tiger bead has distinct features which differ from that of modern Yunnan.

Thirdly modern Yunnan was ruled by Mariyan dynastic descendants and Tibetan people not Han of Northeastern regions.

Therefore your supports for GH Luce -Pe Maung Tin ( bro-in-laws pair ) and Michael and Maitri Aung Thwin ( like father like son pair) cannot be considered.

As long as you are not lobbyist for White Chinese and PRC Communist we are okay .

Now this is very sensitive issues which is at high political agenda. We do notg want PRC Communist in our countries, Burma, Bangladesh, Siam, Malaysia and Indonesia

Thanks and best regards

adam khan
21 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson,

We have to face reality, no fictions, no inventions and fabrications.

Tai and Thai are fabrications.

Pyu is not correct either.The following is from your 2004 PhD Thesis.

The appearance of the early urban “Pyu” system of walled central places during the early first
millennium AD seems to have involved a spread of agricultural and management skills and
population from the Samon.

Actually Pyu is derived from Purushapura and Puru may be tribal name, not the name of the race.

Abhir- Rajka came from the place call Purushapura. modern Pesahawa in Pakistan , formerly part of Mahabarat, along the River Perushani or Iravati ( modern River Ravi) , the kingdom of Abhira .

The evidences are as follow

1. Abhira
The Abhira tribe (Ahirs) or Abhira Kshatriyas were a people mentioned in ancient Indian epics and scriptures as early as the Vedas.[5] A historical people of the same name are mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.

Race is defined as “a category of humankind that shares certain distinctive physical traits.” The term ethnicities is more broadly defined as “large groups of people classed according to common racial, national, tribal, religious, linguistic, or cultural origin or background.” ... Ethnicities share a cultural background

Etymology
Etymologically, he who can cast terror on all sides is called an Abhira.[6] In San­skrit, A is a pre­fix to imply opposite of any word and bhīru(भीरु) means afraid.
(Ref https://wiki2.org/en/Abhira_tribe)

2.The Kurukshetra War (Sanskrit: कुरुक्षेत्र युद्ध ), also called the Mahabharata War, is a war described in the Indian epic poem The Mahābhārata (Sanskrit: महाभारत ). The conflict arose from a dynastic succession struggle between two groups of cousins, the Kauravas and Pandavas, for the throne of Hastinapura. It involved several ancient kingdoms participating as allies of the rival groups.

The historicity of the war remains subject to scholarly discussions.[1][2][3] It is possible that the Battle of the Ten Kings, mentioned in the Rigveda, may have formed the nucleus of the story of the Kurukshetra war, though it was greatly expanded and modified in the Mahabharata's account, making the Mahabharata's version of dubious historicity.[4] Attempts have been made to assign a historical date to the Kurukshetra War. Scholarly research suggests ca. 1000 BCE,[2] while popular tradition holds that the war marks the transition to Kali Yuga and thus dates it to 3102 BCE.[5]
(Ref: https://wiki2.org/en/Kurukshetra_War)

Thanks and best regards.

adam khan



10 days
Kalarminthar Saraka

To Elizabeth Moore,
cc : Bob Hudson.

Dear Elizabeth,

I commented on your paper on Sampanaga and now would share the evidence which supports my point.

"At the close of Sitta's dynasty two sons of one Hastetdeva
Raja, of Kusambi, arrived at Champanagara (Sabènago) and commenced to reign, after
first changing the name of the town to Sampala. After this another (nameless) dynasty
appears to have followed and to have transferred the capital to the opposite bank of the
Irrawaddy at Kaungsin, and fourthly the country came under the sway of Asoka of
Pataliputra (Dhammathawka of the Burmese), when Sampenago was again made the
capital and was reckoned one of the 84,000 towns over which he governed, and in each of
which he is related to have built a pagoda, a tank, a well, and a rest-house for travellers.
The present Shwe-kyi-na pagoda, close to the ruins of old Sampenago, is believed to be
the one built by Asoka, but there are also three others in the neighbourhood which claim
the same origin, though that at Shwekyina is undoubtedly the most ancient and the most
important. The three in question are (1) that at Hakan on the right bank of the Irrawaddy,
nearly opposite Sampenago, and known as the Mya-zedi; (2) the Kaungtaung pagoda,
called the Shwe-zi-gôn pagoda; and (3) the Shwe-zedi at Bhamo. The reason of Asoka's
choosing Sampenago for one set of his pagodas, tanks, &c., is said to be that Buddha had
lived there in a former existence in the body of a crow.

{Ref: http://www.myanmar-law-library.org/IMG/pdf/shan_state_part_ii_volume_i.pdf}

Best regards.

adam khan
8 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob,

Refer to p 24 of your PhD Thesis (2004) which states as below .

{The story goes that the kings of Burma were descended from a migrating Indian chiefdom, the
“noble Sun dynasty of the Sakiyans”, the same line of descent as Buddha. They arrived to settle
at Tagaung around 850 BC, several centuries before the time of Buddha. Tagaung is a multiple walled site on the Ayeyarwady above Mandalay with an extensive archaeological record (page
144). The sons of the first king quarrelled. One migrated west across the Arakan Yoma in 825
BC, founding the city of Dhanyawadi. After 33 kings had reigned, the Tagaung kingdom
collapsed due to incursions by the kingdom of Gandhara, in what is now Yunnan.}

My interpretation of the historiography is , as far as Gandhara is concern which cannot be Chinese though the would be Bama or Burman came into Tagaung region from the region now called ( modern ) Yunnan; they were the same people, I mean the Abhira tribe of Gandhara ( modern Afghanistan, Pakistan and India triangle.

Thus far we Burmese , Bama and all ethnic races are not the kin of Han or Tai Chinese and we are not Pouk-Faw or relatives to these expansionists.

Trust that this message make very clear for all Burma Researchers.

Best regards.

adam khan
7 days
Kalarminthar Saraka
FYI

Burmese researcher Phone Tin Kyaw had already pointed out Luce's bias statement and Than Tun had acknowledge that Luce proposal "Bama Asda kyaukse ka" is false and fabrication.

https://www.facebook.com/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%B9%E1%80%B7%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B9-750429905026564/
5 days
Kalarminthar Saraka left a reason for downloading The origins of Bagan: new dates and old inhabitants
Dear Bob Hudson,
Thanks and best regards.

adam khan
Just now
Kalarminthar Saraka
Dear Bob Hudson,

We have evidences to confirmed that Northern region of modern Burma and Southwestern region of modern Yunnan are Mauryan countries which mean Indian.

Refer Phayers' repport below.

About this time, Goadama Buddha being still alive, a second band of immigrant Kshatriyas from Gangetic India arrived, led by Daza Raja. They settled at Mauriya, east of the Irawadi, near a village now called Mwe-yen. The Raja, afterwards moved to Male, married Queen Nagahsin, and they then went north and built a city close to the ancient capital Tagaung, now known as Old Pugan. In the Burmese chronicle no mention is made of the invaders from the east interfering to prevent this settlement, and the ancient capital not long after was again occupied. Sixteen kings succeeded this founder of the second dynasty. The last of them, Thado Maha Raja, having no son, the queen's brother was appointed Ainshemeng, and declared to be heir to the throne. The king was dethroned by invaders, but whether by the descendants of the former conquerors, or by others from the eastward, is not stated. {Phayhre (1883:pp 9-10)}

Just stop hypothesizing, advocating and lobbying for Tai Chinese and Han Chinese who are just invaders and expansionists.

Now I am very pleased to prove you and all Tai promoters are wrong.

Thanks and best regards.

Adam Khan (aka) Raja Saraka



Thursday, April 8, 2021

Who killed General Aung San ? by Naing Win / Kyin HO

 Who killed General Aung San ? by Naing Win / Kyin HO (google.com)


Kyin Ho

unread,
4 Jan 2000, 16:00:00
to
WHO KILLED GENERAL AUNG SAN ?

Ne Win Plot The Assassination of General Aung San ……….

The Inside Story On the Assassination of General Aung San and Burma's
Martyrs

By Dr. Kyin Ho (alias) Naing Win ( M.D )
Translated By Hla Myint ( UNHCR Retiree )*


This pamphlet is dedicated to the democracy activists worldwide who have
been
striving to free my mother-land, Nobel Peace Laureate Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
and
the 40 million or so working people of Burma being held hostage from their
cage.

The magnitude and opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author
and
reprints and translations can be made without prior permission.

The truth shall prevail!


Reprinted in January 4 , 2000 - by

Naing Win / Kyin Ho, M.B.,B.S., M.D.
857 East Commercial Boulevard
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33334
USA
Phone: (954) 776-5508 Fax: (954) 776-5509
email: kyi...@gate.net


The assassination attempt on U Saw
The assassination of General Aung San and the Martyrs
The assassination of U Tin Tut
The murder of Saw Ba Oo Gyi
The assassination of Bo Let Yar, etc. ... etc. ....

Reading the above would clearly indicate that there is a link between the
assassination of General Aung San and the martyrs and the assassination
attempt on U Saw. I have been quite pleased and satisfied to have learnt
the true state of affairs after some 40 years from 1946 to 1988.

An acquaintance leading to a friendship with Yebaw (Comrade) Mya
Hlaing (Chief Editor of "Pay Phu Hlwar" magazine) has by chance enlightened
me on the complexities and obscurities of the Burmese political and military
affairs including the internal activities inside the military.

The relationship between me and U Mya Hlaing is not that of between a doctor
and a patient, or between relatives; but that of between very intimate
friends,
who mutually respect each other. And U Mya Hlaing, a reputed journalist,
indeed
has candidly shared his knowledge of the historical events regarding Burmese
politics, with good intentions with a view to letting the people know the
truth.

Had I not had this opportunity to have met U Mya Hlaing, it would be rather
difficult to know the real culprit " the Ah Zar Ta Thut, the son who killed
his
own father". It would not be that obvious as shedding the spot light on.
Just as
Bo Ne Win has covered it up, so also the true facts would eventually fade
away.

We still do not know for sure who ordered the demolition of the Rangoon
University Students Union building. Bo Ne Win said it was Bo Aung Gyi and
Bo Aung Gyi said it was Minister for Home Affairs, Colonel Kyaw Soe. Another
source claimed it was Minister for Education, Colonel Hla Han. For some one
like
me who loathes deceitful people, I remain indebted to the deceased U Mya
Hlaing
who had revealed to me that U Shu Maung) Bo Ne Win indeed had had a hand in
the
demolition.

The fact that both Bo Ne Win and Bo Aung Gyi are still alive prompted me to
compile this pamphlet, for if one of the two were to die earlier than the
other,
the survivor would definitely pass the buck to the deceased. Bo Ne Win is
quite
good at dodging. He never admits his mistakes. However, it now has become
clear
that Yangon Ba Swe, Yebaw (Comrade) Mya Hlaing, Bo Aung Gyi and Bo Ne Win
"the gang of four", had indeed conspired an attempt to assassinate U Saw,
and
nobody else was involved.

Although the July 19, 1947 issue of the New York Times reported in length
the
assassination of General Aung San and the Martyrs, it failed to mention who
had
carried it out. It only opined that the assassination could be the work of
the
Burmese Communists. To my query during a conversation with Mr. Bertil
Lintner,
a journalist / novelist, he said the files on the assassination of General
Aung
San and the Martyrs were missing from the Scotland Yard. The saying, "Crime
does
not pay" does not seem to prove true for Bo Ne Win, who has ruined Burma, my
motherland, with the brute force of a gorilla. The whole world witnessing,
he has
tortured and killed thousands of Burmese people, including the sanghas (the
Buddhist
monks) and young school children treating them like dirt. He still continues
going
about his killing spree. No where in Burmese history, I have ever heard of
such a
ruthless dictator, who has governed the country with an animal and a
killer's
instinct. I only wish that he does some good deeds to remain recorded in
history.

Bo Ne win seems to realize that he is in deep trouble just like a wheel that
gyrates
too much picks up shit. But Bo Ne Win, not considering his age, would carry
with him
to death his ruthless character of challenging people with his infamous
threats such
as "soldiers do not fire into the air, but shoot to hit and kill" and "an
eye for an
eye and a tooth for a tooth". The whole world is watching with keen interest
how he
is going to harm world renowned 1991 Nobel Peace Prize winner Daw Aung San
Suu Kyi and
the democracy loving monks, laymen, students and children.

Ne Win is too selfish and impulsive. It is very wrong of him to have
carefully plotted
against the life of General Aung San. How mean and wicked of him to have
planned to bury
U.N Secretary General U Thant's body at the foot of his wife Daw Khin May
Than's tomb.

Ne Win's jealousy is inflating like that of the Burmese currency. He values
his own
life, but regards those of others like ants'. I am glad that he is living
long, because
I want him to see with his own eyes how Burma has changed after his fall
from power.
Ne Win's longevity has nothing to do with his power or his past Karma
(deeds) in previous
lives. I firmly believe that he is living long to suffer and pay for his
wrong doings.
Pretending to be religious by constructing pagodas and meditating after
killing thousands
of people is an act of fools and insane people. Ne Win is not the second
founding father
of the Burmese Army, but just a step-father who is just like "Ah Zar Ta
Thut" who killed
his own father. U Shu Maung's lame excuses in no way would save him. There
is no way he can
deny by saying "I don't know". He and he alone knows best how wickedly he
has committed
thousands and one horrendous crimes purely out of self-interest. While
medical doctors
have to struggle a lot to save a life, Ne Win has massacred thousands of
people.

I sent a copy of this booklet to Bo Ne win in May 1992 for his perusal and
have challenged
the general of all generals, the general for life Ne Win to face the truth.


ATTEMPT ON U SAW'S LIFE

1. U Shu Maung alias Bo Ne Win (Principal actor)
2. General Aung Gyi (Advisor)
3. Yangon Ba Swe (The one who pulled the trigger)
4. Yebaw (comrade) Mya Hlaing (Driver)

The attempt on U Saw's life resulted in the Burmese Martyrs shedding their
blood for the
country.

1. U Shu Maung (aka) Bo Ne Win
Uneducated both intellectually and morally, but excelled in physical
strength drawn
from force through use of arms and abuse of power. It should be noted
that he had
succeeded in killing two birds with one stone, having been able to rid
of both General
Aung San and U Saw.

2. U Saw
His irrational character had led him falling into Ne Win's trap to
believe it was
Aung San who had masterminded the attempt on his life and thus committed
a cruel crime
against the martyrs, leaving behind a black spot in history.

3. General Aung Gyi
Seemingly honest, always a fence-sitter and lacks leadership qualities.

4. Yangon Ba Swe
A faithful, unquestioning supporter reputed to be Ne Win's henchman.
Born reckless with
no value for life and prepared to do things in a rash.

5. Yebaw Mya Hlaing
A journalist and chief editor. He had said "I know for sure who was in
command and had
masterminded the killing of my own elder brother, Bo Let Yar. I am
going to reveal it
one day".

6. General Aung San and Martyrs
Lives lost without a rhyme or reason at the hands of U Saw's proteges.
Historians and
researchers should realize that Bo Ne Win is indeed the real culprit
responsible for
assassinating General Aung San and the Martyrs. A more thorough
judicial and political
investigation should be conducted.


Bo Ne Win, the Ah Zar Ta Thut, the son who killed his own father

On a very pleasant evening of September 10, 1988, I was feeling quite elated
with the thought
of getting the right answer to a difficult puzzle that has been lingering in
my mind for quite
some time. I could recall reading with keen interest the characters from the
novel "The birds
in the cage" written by Ludu (people's) U Hla. U Hla's presentation had been
quite effective
and full of noble objectives. As an author, he had not only been dutiful to
the country but also
been able to leave a lot of lessons to learn for the generations to come. I
am impressed with Ludu
U Hla's volition in disclosing the true facts about the inmates in the
prison, that could not be
found even in the records of the C.I.D (Criminal Investigation Department)
and the Judicial
Department. This kind of literature indeed is very useful in the prevention
of crime.

I was quite saddened to have read in this book "the birds in the cage" about
the plot of the
assassination of the Burmese Martyrs. I had been perplexed wondering why
such sad and unpleasant
things could have taken place. It was beyond the intellect of a youth in
seventh grade to
understand the root causes of this serious problem or the answer to it. Time
passed by as I kept
wondering over it.

Only in 1988, after 30 years had elapsed since I started racking my brain in
1957 and after I got
myself settled in Florida, USA, some 10,000 miles away from home, I first
got acquainted at my
private clinic with U Mya Hlaing, who had been involved and played a role in
this complex affair
of U Saw and assassination of the Martyrs.

U Mya Hlaing (Chief Editor of Pay Phoo Hlwar Magazine) and I became close
friends. We used
to have a lot of chit-chat while visiting each other quite often or while
having meals together.
U Mya Hlaing gave me as a gift a copy of his national literacy award winning
collection of short
stories titled "My Childhood Days".

Just as a Burmese saying "the more you ask the better you learn" goes,
during one of those
conversations, we touched upon the subject of the attempt on Galon (a
mythical bird) U Saw's life
and that of the assassination of General Aung San and the Burmese Martyrs. I
had all along been
quite anxious to know the answer to the several questions, such as "Who made
an attempt on
U Saw's life?" and "Why was such a wicked attempt ever thought of?"

And only on that pleasant evening of September 10, 1988, while calling on U
Mya Hlaing at his
house, during our usual conversation, especially on the plot on U Saw's
life, I came to learn the
answer to several of the above questions I had raised.

I said to U Mya Hlaing "Please carry on U Mya Hlaing. You have just said you
were driving and
it was Yangon Ba Swe who pulled the trigger on the attempt on U Saw's life.
You also claimed
Yangon Ba Swe was a sharp-shooter."

He replied "Yes, doctor, I was quite good at using a catapult since my
childhood days and even
after I joined the army, I became a sharp-shooter as well, but Yangon Ba Swe
was better at it than
me. He indeed was a marksman."

Being a journalist, U Mya Hlaing was able to relate in 1988 the events of
1946-47 quite smoothly
without a hitch.

I asked, "Please continue U Mya Hlaing. Do tell me in details how you all
are trained many months
in advance before the attempt on U Saw's life was carried out." U Mya Hlaing
answered, "Well
doctor, I have to start from scratch to put you in the picture,". And then
he recounted how the
plot was hatched.

He started by saying, "One day as I was about to return home after work, my
Saya (boss), Bo
Aung Gyi, said to me, "I say! Ko Mya Hlaing. Don't go home. Come along with
me to my house.
We have a task to perform." I went along. When he asked, "How much money do
you have?"
I replied, "I have about 100,000-200,000 kyats." He then remarked, "O.K.
That should be enough
for your family for the time being. We have some thing to do. Stay at my
house and you can go
home after all the task is completed." "I ended up staying in his house for
two months and
Yangon Ba Swe was summoned to stay at Bo Ne Win's house, where he was asked
to practice
shooting a gun." I interrupted by asking U Mya Hlaing, "How come a marksman
need more
training." U Mya Hlaing answered, "No, doctor! We had to train more to make
doubly sure
everything goes well. Yangon Ba Swe and I then had to study and watch in
minute details U
Saw's every movement: when he left home for work and when he returned from
work. His driver
came to work for him almost every day. We had to take our time to study all
these and that was
the reason why it took us so long. On the day of the attempt on U Saw's
life, U Saw was sitting
in his black car beside his driver. We followed them. Reaching a good spot,
we passed his car
and it was then that Yangon Ba Swe pulled the trigger. The first shot grazed
U Saw's left temple.
That was the most crucial shot. A second shot was fired again, but it missed
U Saw as he slid
off his seat. The third shot cracked into the air. Yangon Ba Swe then
shouted, "Heh Mya Hlaing!
Drive away." " I could not recall how fast I had driven, since we reached
home in no time."
I asked U Mya Hlaing "Whose gun was it that shot at U Saw?" "That belonged
to Bo Ne Win
and that gun had had no problem at all," answered U Mya Hlaing. I inquired
again, "Was U Saw
aware of the fact that it was U Mya Hlaing and Yangon Ba Swe who had
attempted on his life?"
"Well doctor, U Saw had no way of knowing it. The planning had taken so long
to enable us
prevent U Saw from having any knowledge of it," replied U Mya Hlaing.

Only during these talks with U Mya Hlaing, I came to realize that Yangon Ba
Swe under the close
supervision and guidance of Bo Ne Win, the wicked, had carried out the
attempt by just inflicting
a wound on U Saw, with no intention of killing him.

I queried " Did General Aung San also know about this plot?"

"I would come to that. General Aung San never knew about it. This was a
matter that only four of
us - Bo Ne Win, Bo Aung Gyi, Yangon Ba Swe and myself - knew about. It was
the wicked idea of
horse-race gambler Shu Maung alias Bo Ne Win, who had masterminded the plot
and he and he
alone should be held accountable as the principal defendant," said U Mya
Hlaing.

At that time, U Saw was envious of General Aung San's popularity and
success. They were
political rivals as well. Just as General Ne win was jealous of General Aung
San, the former was
always living in fear of the latter. It was also a time when Bo Ne Win, the
womanizer, was being
scolded by General Aung San.


Bo Ne Win, with the mind of a horse-race-goer plotted that an attempt would
be made on U Saw
without taking his life, there by misleading U Saw to believe General Aung
San had a hand in the
plot. And thus U Saw would retaliate by taking revenge on General Aung San.
U Saw did fall into
Bo Ne Win's trap without a doubt. The retaliation resulted in the loss of
General Aung San's and
martyrs' lives and U Saw himself was also hanged. Only the profligate Ne Win
alone profited
from all these events. Since then misfortune started to fall upon Burma.

I had hastily raised a question to U Mya Hlaing, "If only Yangon Ba Swe had
killed U Saw,
General Aung San and his colleagues would never have fallen prey and there
would be no
martyrs' day. You are to be blamed." "Well doctor, the intention was not to
shoot to kill U Saw,
but to wound him only. It was Bo Ne win's dastardly plan," U Mya Hlaing
retorted. I had failed
to see the wood for the trees.

I said, "By the way U Mya Hlaing, you claimed you were quite influential
over the army and
how come you were detained?" "Well doctor, some time after the split into
two factions of the
Pha Sa Pa La - AFPFL (Anti Fascist People's Freedom League). Yangon Ba Swe
and I approached
the politicians from AFPFL and Pa Ma Nya Ta - NUF (National United Front)
parties with a view
to reconciling them with the army. We then frequently visited houses of
influential politicians
such as Tha Khin (Master) Chit Maung, and Tha Khin Thar Khin and stayed
rather late there.
One day Bo Ne Win summoned the two of us to Dagon House and admonished us as
usual,
"Don't you dare mess up. You can take sides with either us, the army or the
politicians. I don't
want any go-between."

U Mya Hlaing and Yangon Ba Swe knew too well the true colors of Shu Maung
(alias) Bo Ne Win.
And as such, with a mindfulness of one's duties to favor the country and the
people and not
Bo Ne Win, they resolved to join hands with the politicians.

"It so happened one day after work. A vehicle belonging to MIS (Military
Intelligence Squad)
drove by and asked me to come along with them saying they had to question
me. Reaching their
headquarters, they informed me that I was being detained under orders. They
asked me
thousand and one questions. I alternated answers with calling names. I
thought the one who
interrogated me was the rank of a captain. He dared not touch me at all.
After some family members
brought me clothing, I was sent to Insein Jail. Well doctor, I can never
forget it in my life. The big
room where they kept me could accommodate 100-200 people. After a while,
some workers were
brought in along with several sheets of plywood, which were shortly fixed on
the walls to
prevent me from seeing through them. They however left an opening in the
ceiling to let some
light in. What a scoundrel Ne Win was! I turned quite gray," said U Mya
Hlaing at great length.

When released from detention that lasted three years, Bo Ne Win summoned U
Mya Hlaing to
his house and asked him in the kitchen in his usual cunning way, "Did they
torture you? Tell me
if there is any thing I can do for you. I shall assist you to the extent
possible and take some
money for you." U Mya Hlaing claimed he refused to accept it. U Mya Hlaing
added, "Since then
Yangon Ba Swe was so fed up with Ne Win that he refused to see him even when
he was sent for.
He seemed to be disappointed with Ne Win's crookedness." Yangon Ba Swe
expired of brain
cancer at the Rangoon General Hospital.

When asked to tell me about his Pay Phoo Hlwar magazine, U Mya Hlaing
admitted Bo Ne Win
had helped him as earlier promised. U Mya Hlaing appeared quite hurt when
the question of who
killed his own elder brother Bo Let Yar was touched upon. He concluded with
some uneasiness,
"Bo Let Yar was quite outstanding in our family. He had strived a lot for
Burma's independence.
I knew too well who were involved in getting rid of him.
" After all Yebaw (comrade) Mya Hlaing, being a human being, was full of
feelings. A patriotic
journalist, U Mya Hlaing passed away in 1991. I do hereby salute and honour
him for having
courageously revealed the whole truth about the attempt on U Saw's life and
the assassination
of General Aung San and Martyrs.


Kyin Ho / Naing Win ( M.B.,B.S.)
Institute of Medicine (I)


Appendix

1. General Aung San
Founded and nurtured the Burmese Army. Liberated Burma from about 100
years of colonial
rule. Extremely
patriotic and well composed. Very honest and straightforward. Fell,
along with martyrs, to the
hands of assassins.

2. General Ne Win
Still abusing the Burmese Army. No less than 500 soldiers assigned
around the clock on guard
for his personal security. A terrible coward. A cruel step-father of the
Burmese Army. Three
years have elapsed since General Aung San's daughter and the Nobel Peace
Laureate Daw
Aung San Suu Kyi had been kept under house arrest.

3. General Saw Maung
Have greatness thrust upon him. Forced to retire on grounds of insanity,
while struggling with
the post of the Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council.
____________________________________________________________________________
__


* U Hla Myint has been one of my best friends since I was assigned to
Tavoy as Township
Health Officer in 1970-72 . He was the Captain in the Police force
then .The last time I met
his family was December 1972 when I left Rangoon. I understand he
planned to migrate to
Australia, but without success and ended up doing odd jobs as taxi
driver, tennis coach and
tourist guide for four years before he got a job with UNHCR in Burma ;
even than, I was told
that BSPP ( Burmese Socialist Program Party ) gave him hard times and
discouraged him
from working for UNHCR which in not easy to get. Follow these
harassment, he finally
managed to leave Burma in July 1984 on UNHCR international
assignment.

U Hla Myint was assigned to several countries before his retirement –
He was assigned to
India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Pakistan , former Yugoslavia and Iran
during his service with
UNHCR.

After 26 years, we met again in America unexpectedly– where Freedom is
accepted as
one of our birth right. At my first request to U Hla Myint ,he has
responsively translated this
booklet in no time. I believe THE TRUTH WILL PREVAIL one day. Now Ne
Win knows
this very well in his last days and we know Ne Win’s stupid plans and
psychotic behavior
from this booklet.

Finally I wish to express my appreciation for Ko Htin Aung Kyaw (MBA)
for his time and
effort in the preparations and type setting of this booklet.


Kyin Ho / Naing Win , M.C.( I )