မ်ိဳးရုိးဗီဇ၊ ယဥ္ေက်းမႈ အေမြအနွစ္၊ တာဝန္သိမႈ နွင့္ တာဝန္ယူျခင္း။

Our Buddhism, especially in the north (North Arakari, Pagan and even Prome) had close contact with the Mahayanist, Tantric, and Brahmanic schools of Pala and post-Pala Bengal. It was only, I think, after 1070 A.D., with the obtaining of the full Pali Tipitaka from Ceylon, that the great change to Theravada was finally possible at Pagan. The chief agent in that change was King Kyanzittha, who reigned from 1084 to 1113 A.D. Round about 1090, near the beginning of his reign, he was building a Theravada temple, the Nagayon, on

one side of the road at Pagan, while his chief queen, (perhaps a lady from East Bengal) was building a Tantric Mahayanist temple, the Abeyadana, on the opposite side of the road. Kyanzittha's final temple, the Ananda, which dates (I think) about 1105 or later,7 marks the final triumph of Singhalese Theravada in Burma.{Gordon H. Luce(pp: 12 ) “DVARAVATi AND OLD BURMA”

 We think that the name of chief queen was Abhayaratna.

Refer the following from Gordon H Luce.[Click below link for more]

DVARAVATI AND OLD BURMA 

ဒီေနရာမွာ စဥ္းစားစရာက ဗမာေတြ က်န္စစ္သားမင္းႀကီးရဲ့ မိဘုရား အပယ္ရတနာ(Abhayaratna),Bengali Priness,-{ဘန္ဂါလီမင္းသမီးလုိ့ လုစ္ (Gordon Luce) ဆုိသည္} ရဲ့ အေႀကာင္း ဘာဆက္ေလ့လာျပီး ဘယ္လုိ မွတ္တမ္းျပဳႀကသလဲ။

ကေန.ဗမာေတြ အျမတ္တနိဳး ထားႀကတဲ့ ဗမာေစာင္းေကာက္ကုိ ဗမာတုိ.ရဲ့ ဘုိးေဘး ဘန္ဂါလီတုိ. ယူလာခဲ့တာကုိ သိပါသလား။  [Click on the below link for more]

ဗမာေစာင္းေကာက္

ကုိးရီးယားေတြကေတာ့ အင္းဒီးယားဇာတိ ျဖစ္တဲ့ သူတုိ. မိခင္ မင္းသမီးႀကီး အတြက္ အင္းဒီးယားမွာ   ေမာ္ကြန္းတည္ေဆာက္ႀကတယ္။

  [Click on the below link for more] 

Indian Princess became Korean Queen 

 ဗမာေတြ ကေတာ့ ဒီအပယ္ရတနာ (Abhayaratna ) မိဘုရားႀကီး ရဲ့ေဆြမ်ိဳေတြကုိ ရက္စက္စြာ သတ္ျဖတ္ႀကတယ္။ သူတုိကုိယ္တုိင္ ဘန္ဂါလီျဖစ္ပါလ်က္ ရခုိင္ပါလီမန္အမတ္ နွစ္ဦးကလည္း ဒီလုပ္ရပ္ေတြကုိ အားေပးအားေျမာက္ လုပ္ခဲ့သလား။  Actually her name was/is not အပယ္ရတနာ but Abhayaratana. We will provide the documentary evidence for corroboration. The readers may find the girls' name "Abhayaratana" on internet. There are quite number of girls having the same name. They are probably of the Bangalee origin.

မိဘုရား ရဲ့နာမည္မွန္က “အဘိယ ရတ္ထနာ” ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။က်န္စစ္သားမင္းႀကီးနဲ့မိဘုရား “အဘိယ ရတ္ထနာ”(Abhayaratna ) တုိ့ရဲ့ တဦးတည္းေသာသမီး ေရြွအိမ္သည္ကုိ ေစာလူးမင္းရဲ့သား ေစာယြန္းနဲ့  က်န္စစ္သားမင္းက ထိမ္းျမား ေပးခဲ့တယ္။ သူတုိ့ကေမြးဖြားတဲ့သားက အေလာင္းစည္သူျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ သူရဲ့ဘဲြ. က ေဇယ်သူရ -၁ (Alaung-sithu (Jayasura I) ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ တဖန္ အေနာ္ရထာမင္းကလဲ ကုလားႀကီး။ ဒီေတာ့ အေလာင္းစည္သူကလည္း ကုလားနဲ့ ဘန္ဂါလီေသြး၊ တနည္းကုလားႀကီး ပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ က်န္စစ္သားမင္းရဲ့မယ္ေတာ္မွာလဲ အင္းဒီးယား (သုိ့) ရခုိင္ မင္းသမီး လုိ့ဆုိပါတယ္။ က်န္စစ္သားမင္းကလည္း ကုလားႀကီး ပါ။{စာညွြန္း - G. Coedes (1968) “The Indianized State of Southeast Asia”}

 There are many women and girls by the name "Abhayaratna" in the world. Just type "Abhayaratna" on google and you may find many of the same.

က်န္စစ္သားမင္းႀကီးရဲ့ ေနာက္မိဘုရား တပါးျဖစ္တဲ့ သမ္ဘူူလ (Sambhula) က ေတာေက်ာင္းရေသ့ “မထီး” (Mahti) ရဲ့တူမ ျဖစ္ ပါ တယ္။ ေဒါက္တာ သန္းထြန္း (Dr. Than Tun) ေရးသလုိ ေျပာသလုိ သုံးလူလွ မဟုတ္ပါ။“မထီး” (Mahti) ဆုိတာ ကုလားႀကီး ပါ။ Sambhula was a niece of Indian hermit Mahti.  “မထီး” (Mahti) နာမည္ ရိွတဲ့ ကုလားေတြ စင္ကာပူမွာေရာ အင္းဒီးယားမွာေရာ အျမားအျပား ရိွပါတယ္။  There are many Indians by the name of “Mahti” in Singapore and India. We do not understand why Dr Than Tun has mentioned like this  tell  Burmrese Students, and the people of whole Burma?. There are also many people (especially girls) by the name of "Sambhula". Did Dr. Than Tun rewrite the history purposefully? If it is the case what was his hidden agenda?

“အမရာ ကိန္နရီ မဒီ သမ္ဘူလ ေတာ္ေလးဝ “ ဆုိတဲ့ ေရွး စကား ကုိ ေဒါက္တာသန္းထြန္း မပယ္တန္ေကာင္း ဟုေမွ်ာ္လင့္ မိ၏။ All Burmese girls and women should clarify this matter.

Please refer the following notes from G. Coedes (1968) “The Indianized State of Southeast Asia”.

Date updated: 29^th April 2014 updated 

  (1) Anoratha left two sons when he died in 1077: Solu, born of a wife he had married before becoming king [30] and Kyanzittha, son of the Indian or Arakanese princess[31]  Panchakalyani but probably really fathered by a mandarin who had been entrusted with bringing her to Pagan.[32] After having barely escaped death in his early years during a “massacre of the innocents” ordered by Anoratha, [33] Kyanzittha, suspected of being the lover of Queen Manichanda, or Chandadevi, daughter of the king of Pegu, was banished from the court.[34] { The Indianized States of Southeast Asia by G. Coedes}

(၁) အေနာ္ရထာမင္း၏ သံသယ။

က်န္စစ္သားမင္းကို အေနာ္ရထာမင္း ၏ ဒုတိယမိဖရား ျဖစ္ေသာ အိႏၵိယ မင္းသမီး (သို ့မဟုတ္ ) အာရကန္ (ရခိုင္) မင္းသမီး ပန္ခ်ာ့ကလ်ာဏီ (ဝါ)
ပဥၥ ကလ်ာဏီ   ကဖြားျမင္ သည္၏ဟု ဆိုပါသည္။ သို ့ရာတြင္ အျငင္းပြားစရာ တခုက က်န္စစ္သားကို အေနာ္ရထာမင္း ၏လူယံု (mandarin) နွင့္ ပန္ခ်ာ့ကလ်ာဏီ တို ့ ပုဂံသို ့ ေဆာင္ယူရာ လမ္းခရီးတြင္ မွားယြင္းရာ မွေနာင္ က်န္စစ္သား  ျဖစ္လာမည့္

ကေလးကိုရသည္ဟု ေကာလာဟလ ျဖစ္ျခင္းပါ။ ဒါကလည္း အေနာ္ရထာမင္းက သံသယလြန္ကဲျခင္း ျဖစ္နိဳင္ပါသည္။ သို ့ျဖစ္ ၍ စာေရးသူ ကၽႊန္ေတာ္က က်န္စစ္သားမင္း သည္ အေနာ္ရထာမင္း ၏ သားေတာ္ဟုသာ ယူဆပါသည္။ က်န္စစ္သားမင္း တြင္ ခမည္းေတာ္ အေနာ္ရထာမင္းႏွင့္ တူညီေသာ လက္ရံုးရည္၊ ႏွလံုးရည္ နွင့္ စြမ္းေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ားစြာရွိခဲ့သည္ က သာဓက ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ mandarin ၏ လံုးေကာက္ အဓိပါယ္ ကား၊

mandarin  (noun) a person who has a very important job in the government, and who is sometimes considered to be too powerful: It often seems that true power lies with the Civil Service mandarins, rather than MPs and cabinet ministers.

    Kyanzittha was then crowned, probably in 1806,[42] by the venerable Shin Arahan. He took the name Tribhuvanaditya Dhammaraja, a title that was borne from then on by all the kings of the dynasty. Following his predecessors, he in his turn married the Peguan Khin U,[43] possession of whom perhaps legitimized the sovereignty of the king of Pagan over the Mon country. His only daughter, Shwe-einthi, born of the Queen Abeyadana (Abhayaratna) whom Kyanzittha had married before his coronation, was married to Soyun, son of Solu.[44] She had a son by this marriage, the future Alaung-sithu (Jayasura I), whom from his birth Kyanzittha proclaimed king, declare himself regent in his name.[45] In addition, at the time of his exile during the reign of his father Anoratha, Kyanzittha had had a son by Sambhula, the niece of a hermit whom he had met in the forest.[46] When she presented herself at court,[47] he accepted her as fourth Queen, with the title Trilokavatamisika (Burmese U Sauk Pan0,[48] and entrusted the government of Dhannavati (northern Arakan) to her son Rajakumara, whom he gave the title Jayakhetara.[49]

  (2)  In 1103, Kyanzittha sent to China the first Burmese embassy that is mentioned in the History of the Sung.[62] Three years later, in 1106, “envoys of the kindom of P’u-kan (pagan0 having come to offer tribute, the emperor at first gave the order to receive them and give them the same treatment accorded the envoys of Choulien(Chola), but the president of the Council of Rites made the following observations; ‘Chou-lien is a vassal of San-fo-ch’I;[63] that is why during the hsi-ning years (1068-1077) it was enough to write to the king of this country on heavy paper, with an envelope of plain material. The king of P’u-kan, on the other hand, is a soverign of the great kingdom of the Fan (the Brahmans; that is, the Indian countries). One must not behave disdainfully toward him. One ought to accord to him the same honours as to the princes of Ta-shih (Arabs) and Chiao-chih (Tongking), by writing to him on silk with flowers of gold, white on the back, a letter which you enclose in a little box ringed with gold, with a silver lock and double envelope of taffeta and satin.’ The emperor approved of his observations and decided that it would be thus.”[64] I have cited this passage in its entirety because it shows the prestige that the kingdom of Pagan already—only sixty-two years after the accession to power of Anortha, who was its real founder—enjoyed at the court of China, which was always anxious to maintain an exact hierarchy among foreign sovereigns.

{ The Indianized States of Southeast Asia by G. Coedes}
 

(၂) ဗမာနိင္ငံကို တရုတ္ျပည္က တန္းတူရည္တူ လက္ခံျပီး ခ်စ္ႀကည္ေလးစားျခင္း။

တရုတ္အင္ပါယာဘုရင္မင္း (၁၀၆၈-၁၀၇၇) က က်န္စစ္သား၏ သံတမန္မ်ားကို လက္ခံ ဆက္ဆံ ပံုမွာ ဗမာနိုင္ငံကို တန္းတူထား ၍ သဝဏ္လႊာကို ေရးသား၊ စာအိတ္တြင္ထည့္ပံု က အစ အခ်ဳပ္ အျခာ အာဏာရွိေသာနိုင္ငံဟုသတ္မွတ္ခဲ့သည့္ အေထာက္အထားျဖစ္၏။ ဗမာနိုင္ငံကို တရုတ္ဘာသာစကားျဖင့္ “ဖန္း =  Fan (the Brahmans; that is, the Indian countries) ဗရာမင္တို ့၏ အိႏၵိယနိုင္ငံမ်ား.” ဟု အသိအမွတ္ျပဳခဲ့ျခင္းျဖစ္ပါသည္။ တရုတ္ဘာသာ ဟန္ယူပင္ရင္းစကား အရ ဆို လွ်င္ ေအာက္ေဖာ္ျပပါ အနက္ကို ေဆာင္ပါသည္။

Chinese English dictionary 梵   fàn Brahma / Sanskrit

{G. Coedes (1968) “The Indianized State of Southeast Asia”[Click on below link]

The Indianized States of Southeast Asia by G. Coedes

See als what Dr Nai Pan Hla inform us about King Kyansitta and his queens, refer the followings:-

 

 

ဘာလုိ.မ်ား ဤေႀကာင္းအရာမ်ားကုိ ေနွာင္းလူ လူငယ္မ်ားသိေအာင္  ဗမာသမုိင္းဆရာႀကီးမ်ား မေရးခဲ့ ႀကပါသလဲ။ Why the Burmese historians did not write these facts for the sake of the new generations of Burma to know the history?

Just listen the following song of Tin Tin Mya. သီခ်င္းထဲက သမုိင္း။ ပုဂံေခတ္က တူရိယာ “ေစာင္း” ရွိခဲ့တယ္ဆုိတာ မယုံရင္ သီခ်င္းကုိ နားဆင္ပါ။

 မည္သူကတာဝန္ယူ ျပီး မည္သို ့ တရားမွ် တစြာ ေဆာင္ရြက္ႀကမည္ ကို မသိနိုင္ေအာင္ ျဖစ္ေနႀကပါ၏။